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Diabetologia (2006) 49: 452458DOI 10.1007/s00125-005-0126-yARTICLEJ. J. Meier . A. Gethmann . O. Gtze . B. Gallwitz .J. J. Holst . W. E. Schmidt . M. A. NauckGlucagon-like peptide 1 abolishes the postprandial
rise in triglyceride concentrations and lowers levels
of non-esterified fatty acids in humansReceived: 18 August 2005 / Accepted: 18 October 2005 / Published online: 31 January 2006
# Springer-Verlag 2006Abstract Aims/hypothesis: Diabetic dyslipidaemia contributes to the excess morbidity and mortality in patients
with type 2 diabetes. Exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1
(GLP-1) lowers postprandial glycaemia predominantly by
slowing gastric emptying. Therefore, the effects of GLP-1
on postprandial lipid levels and gastric emptying were
assessed. Methods: 14 healthy male volunteers were
studied with an i.v. infusion of GLP-1 (1.2 pmol kg1 min1)
or placebo over 390 min in the fasting state. A solid test
meal was served and gastric emptying was determined
using a13C-labelled sodium octanoate breath test. Venous
blood was drawn frequently for measurement of glucose,
insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, triglycerides and NEFA.
Results: GLP-1 administration lowered fasting and postprandial glycaemia (p<0.0001). Gastric emptying was
delayed by GLP-1 compared with placebo (p<0.0001).
During GLP-1 administration, insulin secretory responses
were higher in the fasting state but lower after meal
ingestion. After meal ingestion, triglyceride plasma levels
increased by 0.33 0.14 mmol/l in the placebo experiments
(p<0.0001). In contrast, the postprandial increase intriglyceride levels was completely abolished by GLP-1
(change in triglycerides, 0.023 0.045 mmol/l; p<0.05).
During GLP-1 infusion, plasma concentrations of NEFA
were suppressed by 39% in the fasting state (p<0.01) and
by 315% after meal ingestion (p<0.01). Conclusions/
interpretation: GLP-1 improves postprandial lipidaemia,
presumably as a result of delayed gastric emptying and
insulin-mediated inhibition of lipolysis. Thus, by lowering
both glucose and lipid concentrations, GLP-1 administration may reduce the cardiovascular risk in patients with
type 2 diabetes.Keywords Gastric emptying . Glucagon-like peptide 1 .
GLP-1 . Insulin secretion . NEFA . TriglyceridesAbbreviations GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide 1 .
PDR: percentage of dose recoveredJ. J. Meier . A. Gethmann . O. Gtze . B. Gallwitz .W. E. SchmidtDepartment of Medicine I, St Josef Hospital,
Ruhr University,Bochum, GermanyJ. J. HolstDepartment of Medical Physiology,
The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen,
Copenhagen, DenmarkM. A. NauckDiabeteszentrum Bad Lauterberg,
Bad Lauterberg, GermanyJ. J. Meier (*)
Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center,
UCLA...