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This study used a latent variable approach to describe two broad domains of adult development and their interrelations. One domain was cognitive complexity and was defined by crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence, and reflective cognition. The other domain was cognitive–affective integration and was operationalized in terms of coping and defense strategies (i.e., integrated and defensive coping). It was hypothesized that these two domains are not completely independent from each other and that they are related to different developmental correlates. Examination of the structural relations among the latent variables supported a model in which integrated coping showed positive relations with crystallized intelligence and reflective cognition, whereas defensive coping showed negative relations to these cognitive factors. Fluid intelligence was not significantly related to integrated or defensive coping. Age and education were significant predictors of the cognitive complexity factors, whereas evaluations of the climate in one’s current family and family of origin were related to the factors of cognitive–affective integration.

Theoretical formulations of adult development and aging have moved toward a perspective that emphasizes not only age-related decrements, but also gains and progressions (e.g., Baltes, 1987; Commons, Richards, & Armon, 1984; Labouvie-Vief, 1982; Vaillant, 1993). Gain- and progression-oriented theorists have attempted to define domains of functioning in which unique adult developments may be observed. In the pursuit of this endeavor, one group of theorists has primarily focused on progressions and potentials in cognitive development (see Baltes & Staudinger, 1993; King & Kitchener, 1994; Kramer & Woodruff, 1986; Labouvie-Vief, 1982; Riegel, 1973). Another group has primarily focused on progressions in personality organization and social–emotional development, often defined in terms of processes of coping and emotion regulation (Aldwin, 1994; Carstensen, 1995