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Abstract
According to a recent survey from the UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), an extra 35 m to 122 m people could fall into poverty and therefore become less food secure as a result of climate related risks(EIU, 2017). Furthermore, it is estimated that the world population will touch 10 billion mark by 2050, an addition of nearly 2 billion from today. These statistics indicate great challenge for the UN Sustainable Development Goal of ending hunger by 2030. Due to the current global environmental changes and its impact on food production, two new variables, namely climate changes and resource depletion, are included in computation of global Food Security Index, besides food availability, affordability and quality & safety. Introduction of these variables have made some drastic changes in food security index both for developed and emerging economies of the world. For instance, Ireland surpassed United States and become the most food secured country in the index, while Singapore due to its heavy dependency on food import and climate changes drop by 15 and Brexit reduces UK position by 2 points in the global food security index. Emerging economies have also been affected and their ranking slightly dropped in food security index. The study focuses on the importance of climate changes and resource depletion in computation of global food security index. Some of the less developed countries manage to maintain or increase their position in the GFSI, e.g. the ranking of Pakistan has improved by two points when climate changes and resource depletion are taken into account.
Keywords: GFSI, resource, resilience, climate, depletion
1.Introduction
Up to 19th century, world had witnessed power of countries on the basis of geographical coverage, conquering and ruling on larger areas and people and taking decisions for mass areas of the world. The 20th century focused on economic war and determinant of power shifted to economic and industrial development. The 21st century started with the revolution of Information Technology (IT) and it was expected that the century will focus on i=Intelligence - exploitation of Information Technology in the industries. Ironically, this , tot a larger extent, has been achieved in the first decade and now the world has been sensing the challenges in food security. Although the UN Sustainable Development...