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Abstract
El litoral continental de Ecuador se encuentra cercano a la subducción de la placa de Nazca con la sudamericana y corresponde a una de las zonas más sísmicas del planeta. De 58 tsunamis que han arribado al litoral ecuatoriano, el 19% resultó ser destructivo. En este trabajo se cuantifica el riesgo estimando probabilidades de acuerdo con la fuente de generación. En el litoral continental, el 50% de los tsunamis destructivos son de campo cercano, el 25% de campo intermedio y el 25% de campo lejano. En las islas Galápagos, el 75% de los tsunamis destructivos son de campo lejano, el 25% de campo cercano y ninguno de campo intermedio. Un tsunami de campo cercano tiene tres veces más probabilidad de ser destructivo en el litoral continental que uno de campo intermedio o lejano. En Galápagos, la probabilidad que un tsunami sea destructivo es independiente de la fuente de generación. Si un tsunami de fuente lejana es destructivo en Galápagos, existe un 28% de posibilidades que sea destructivo en el litoral continental. Si un tsunami de campo cercano resulta destructivo en el litoral continental, entonces es muy probable que también lo sea en el archipiélago.
The continental coast of Ecuador is close to the subduction of the Nazca plate and the South American and corresponds to one of the most seismic areas in the world. Of 58 tsunamis that have arrived in the Ecuadorian coast, 19% turned out to be destructive. In this paper the risk estimating probabilities according to the source of generation is quantified. In the continental coastline, 50% of destructive tsunamis are near-field, 25% intermediate and 25% field far field. In the Galapagos Islands, 75% of destructive tsunamis are far-field, 25% of near-field and 0% intermediatefield. A near-field tsunami has three times more likely to be destructive in the continental coastline one intermediate and far field. In Galapagos, the probability that a destructive tsunami is independent of the source of generation. If a distant source tsunami is destructive Galapagos, there is a 28% chance to be destructive in the continental coast. If a near-field tsunami is destructive in the continental coast, then it is very likely to also be in the archipelago.
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