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Neuroradiology (2009) 51:9598 DOI 10.1007/s00234-008-0469-4
INTERVENTIONAL NEURORADIOLOGY
New thermoreversible liquid embolic agent for embolotherapy: technical report
Hiroyuki Takao & Yuichi Murayama & Masaki Ebara &
Toshihiro Ishibashi & Takayuki Saguchi & Koreaki Irie &
Hiroshi Yoshioka & Yuichi Mori & Fernando Vinuela &
Toshiaki Abe
Received: 27 September 2008 /Accepted: 1 October 2008 /Published online: 21 October 2008 # Springer-Verlag 2008
AbstractIntroduction To evaluate potential feasibility of new liquid embolic agent, thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP), for embolotherapy.
Methods TGP is a liquid polymer that was originally developed as a cell culture medium for tissue engineering. TGP becomes liquid at temperatures lower than the solgel transition temperature (TT) and becomes a gel at temperatures higher than the TT. The TT can be adjusted from 10C to 40C, allowing gelation at body temperature without solvent. The renal arteries in six swine were embolized with TGP. Angiographic evaluations were obtained 0, 3 h, and 14 days after embolization. The animals were sacrificed at day 14 after angiogram.
Results All renal arteries were successfully embolized with TGP using cooling catheter. No acute and chronic clinical complication was observed. Follow-up angiogram demonstrated complete or near complete occlusion of renal arteries.
No untoward inflammatory response was observed in acute and chronic specimen.
Conclusion This embolic material has potential feasibility to be used in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, or hyper vascular tumors.
Keywords Endovascular therapy. Thermoreversible . Embolization . Tumor . Cerebrovascular disease
Introduction
We have developed a nonadhesive new liquid embolic agent, thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP). TGP is a liquid polymer that was originally developed as a cell culture medium for tissue engineering [1]. TGP can be used as a drug delivery vehicle for biologically active substances or chemotherapy. An aqueous solution of TGP remains liquid at temperatures less than the solgel transition temperature (TT) and becomes a gel at temperatures higher than the TT (Fig. 1). Because the TT can be adjusted by altering the composition of TGP, an aqueous solution of TGP can be made to undergo gelation at body temperature. This preliminary study investigated the feasibility of using TGP as an embolic agent and included angiographic and histopathologic examinations of renal artery embolization with TGP in swine.
Materials and methods
Preparation of TGP gel
TGP...