Abstract

Macro- and microorganism activities are important for the effectiveness of the slow sand filtration (SSF), where native microorganisms remove contaminants mainly by substrate competition, predation, and antagonism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the addition of the oligodynamic metals iron, copper, and brass, inserted separately into SSF to enhance pollutant removal in water samples. Four laboratory-scale SSFs were built and tested: control, iron, copper, and brass. Water analysis included physicochemical evaluation, total and fecal coliform quantification. An analysis on microbial communities in the SSFs schmutzdecke was achieved by using 16S rRNA amplification, the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the QIIME bioinformatics software. The results demonstrated that inorganic and organic contaminants such as coliforms were removed up to 90%. The addition of metals had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the other parameters. The microbial community analysis demonstrated different compositions of the SSF with brass-influent, where the eukaryote Streptophyta was predominant (31.4%), followed by the acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter (24.6%), and Acetobacteraceae (7.7%), these genera were absent in the other SSF treatments. In conclusion, the use of a SSF system can be a low cost alternative to reduce microbial contamination in water and thus reduce gastrointestinal diseases in rural areas.

Details

Title
Streptophyta and Acetic Acid Bacteria Succession Promoted by Brass in Slow Sand Filter System Schmutzdeckes
Author
Delgado-Gardea Ma Carmen E 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Tamez-Guerra, Patricia 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gomez-Flores, Ricardo 2 ; Garfio-Aguirre Mariela 2 ; Rocha-Gutiérrez, Beatriz A 3 ; Romo-Sáenz, César I 2 ; Zavala-Díaz de la Serna Francisco Javier 3 ; Eroza-de la Vega Gilberto 3 ; Sánchez-Ramírez Blanca 3 ; González-Horta María del Carmen 3 ; Infante-Ramírez María del Rocío 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico (GRID:grid.411455.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2203 0321); Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Chihuahua, Mexico (GRID:grid.440441.1) 
 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico (GRID:grid.411455.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2203 0321) 
 Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Chihuahua, Mexico (GRID:grid.440441.1) 
Publication year
2019
Publication date
2019
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2221217117
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.