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HALL, Jonathan M. Hellenicity. Between Ethnicity and Culture. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005. 312pp. Paper, $29.00-Jonathan Hall's Hellenicity is an excellent book: thoroughly researched, cogently argued, and forcefully written. Hall lays out the scope of his study very clearly in an introductory chapter, in which he summarizes the main arguments of the book. These, briefly, are: (1) "that a subjective sense of Hellenic identity . . . emerged in Greece rather later than is normally assumed" (p. 5); and (2) "that the definitional basis of Hellenic identity shifted from ethnic to broader cultural criteria in the course of the fifth century" (p. 7). The first argument takes up the core of the book (chaps. 2-5). After discussing definitions of ethnicity in the remainder of the first chapter, Hall turns to the thorny question of Greek origins, which he approaches both from the "internal" point of view (what the Greeks thought about their own origins) and through the lens of modern theories. The main point made in the chapter is that there was no sense of an ethnic unity in Bronze Age Greece. Chapter 3 argues that the identities of the main Greek ethnic groups emerges in the eighth and seventh centuries B.c. rather than that they are a remnant from a premigratory period. Hall even dismantles the historicity of the Dorian invasion and makes the intriguing suggestion that "Dorians" may be derived from dôron, Greek for "gift," whereby the Dorians would be characterized as a chosen people (p. 88). Chapter 4 persuasively opposes the common beliefs that a sense of Hellenic identity developed as a consequence of the colonizing movements in the eighth century B.c., and that a strong distinction between Greek and Barbarian, with derogatory representations of the latter, existed already in the archaic period. The next chapter discusses the developments in the use of the terms "Hellas" and "Hellenes," continues with an informative survey of the provenance of Olympic victors in the archaic period, and concludes with a compelling analysis of the role played by Thessaly, with its hegemonic ambitions, in charging the terms "Hellas" and "Hellenes" with ethnic significance. Finally, chapter 6 discusses the sharpening of the opposition Greek/Barbarians in the fifth century. In addition to arguing for a transformation, in Greek perceptions of self-identity, from ethnic to cultural, Hall emphasizes the paramount role of Athens in these developments: "Panhellenism" is an Athenian phenomenon, and one which identifies "Hellenic" values with Athenian ones. The book also includes two appendixes (on the dating of archaic Greek poets and on the historicity of Olympic victors), a bibliography, and an index.