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Abstract
El guacamole es un producto muy apetecido en el mercado mundial. El objetivo fue desarrollar una formulación de guacamole preparado con polvo de aguacate (PA), aguacate fresco (AF) y especias como ingredientes principales, aplicando la metodología de superficie de respuesta. Las variables independientes fueron: sólidos secos del guacamole (SSG) (20,2-30,3%), sólidos secos del AF en el guacamole (SSAF) (0-50%) y color lima (0 -0,03%). Las variables dependientes fueron: humedad (Xw), pH, acidez, índice de peróxidos (IP), viscosidad (η), potencial zeta (ζ) y color (CIE-L*a*b*). La mejor formulación fue obtenida por optimización múltiple: SSG (20,9%), SSAF (28,9%) y color lima (0,029%), y sus propiedades fueron: Xw (78,3%), pH (5,1), acidez (0,4%), IP (0,787 meq H2O2/kg), η (2952,2 cP), ζ (27,0 mV) y color (L*: 51,0, a*: -5,8, b*: 31,2). El PA es una materia prima con potencial industrial, el cual facilita el sistema productivo del guacamole y su control.
Guacamole is a very desired product in the world market. This research aims to develop a formulation of guacamole prepared with avocado powder (AP), fresh avocado (FA) and spices as main ingredients, using response surface methodology. The independent variables were: dry solids of guacamole (DSG) (20.2 - 30.3%), dry solids contributed by FA in the guacamole (DSFA) (0 - 50%), and lime color (0 -0.03%).
Dependent variables were: moisture (Xw), pH, acidity, peroxide index (PI), viscosity (η), zeta potential (ζ) and color (CIE-L*a*b*). The best formulation was obtained by multiple optimization: DSG (20.9%), DSFA (28.9%) and lime color (0.029%), and its properties were: Xw (78.3%), pH (5.1), acidity (0.4%), PI (0.787 meq H2O2/kg), η (2952.2 cP), ζ (27.0 mV) and color (L*: 51.0, a*: -5.8, b*: 31.2). The AP is a raw material with industrial potential, which facilitates the production system of guacamole and its control.
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