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ABSTRACT:
An efficient route has been developed for the synthesis of coumarin derivatives by green process, the ecofriendly protocol allows the reaction condition smooth. The diverse scope of salicylaldehyde has shown and synthesized intermediates showed potent inhibition of Antimicrobial activity. The synthesized derivatives characterized well by using spectroscopic techniques NMR, mass and IR analysis. This protocol allows diverse modification as well synthesis of coumarin acetamide derivatives.
KEYWORDS: Coumarin, acetamide, biological activity, reflux, modifications, synthesis.
INTRODUCTION:
Coumarin is a natural product which was isolated from tonka beans and sweet clover in 1820. The name 'Coumarin' comes from Coumarou which is the French term of tonka bean. This moiety is classified as a member of the benzopyrone family which consist of a benzene ring joined to a pyrone ring. Coumarin can also be found in other plants like vanilla grass, sweet grass, sweet woodruff, cassia cinnamon etc.1 The Coumarin smells sweet and bitter in taste. So, it helps to plant from predation. Predator of these plants generally avoids those for the smell. Coumarin firstly synthesized artificially in 1868 and it also have so many application in pharmaceutical, materials and cosmetics. There are so many methods of preparing Coumarin from salicyaldehyde, among them Perkin's reaction 2and Pechmann condensation3 are well known.
Application of Coumarin Derivatives:
a) Application in Medicine:
The coumarins are of great interest due to their pharmacological properties. In particular, their physiological, bacteriostatic and anti-tumour activity makes these compounds attractive. Some coumarin derivatives have anticoagulant activity.4 Warfarin drug which is similar to dicoumarol has been synthesized from coumarin. Vitamin-K has important role in blood clotting and dicoumarol reduces the amount of vitaminK K clotting proteins in blood. This is because dicoumarol interferes with vitamin K reductase enzyme in the liver and the liver is unable to reactivate vitamin K, which leads to a decrease in vitamin K dependent clotting proteins.
Besides of this, some derivatives of coumarins can be used as anticancer5 or anti tumour activity agents because they have the ability to prevent cell growth. It is also reported that coumarin has favourable effect in the treatment of radiogenic sialadentis and mucositis.6
b) Application in Materials:
Though coumarin has significant role in medicinal chemistry, but in past year it is also used in dye...