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Water quality is hooked on the type of the contaminant added and the nature of mineral found at particular zone of surface water. Quality of Surface water is also influenced by anthropogenic factors. In the present study we are intended to access the hydro-chemical characteristics of Surface water in the Mandakini river, Chitrakoot, Satna. Result of water quality assessment showed that most of the water quality parameters slightly higher.
ABSTRACT:
Water quality is hooked on the type of the contaminant added and the nature of mineral found at particular zone of surface water. Quality of Surface water is also influenced by anthropogenic factors. In the present study we are intended to access the hydro-chemical characteristics of Surface water in the Mandakini river, Chitrakoot, Satna. Result of water quality assessment showed that most of the water quality parameters slightly higher.
KEY WORDS: Water quality, anthropogenic factors, hydro-chemical
INTRODUCTION:
Surface water is an essential and vital component of our life support system. The surface water resources are being utilized for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. However, due to rapid growth of population, urbanization, industrialization and agriculture activities, surface water resources are under stress (Adams, V.D., 1991). There is growing concern on the deterioration of surface water quality due to geogenic and anthropogenic activities. India is a vast country with varied hydrogeological situations resulting from diversified geological, climatological and topographic settings. Water-bearing rock formations (aquifers), range in age from Archaean to Recent. The natural chemical composition of surface water is influenced predominantly by type & depth of soils and subsurface geological formations through which Surface water passes. Surface water quality is also influenced by contribution from the atmosphere and surface water bodies (Abu-Rukah, Y., 2001). Quality of Surface water is also influenced by anthropogenic factors. For example, overexploitation of Surface water in coastal regions may result in sea water ingress and consequent increase in salinity of Surface water and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and improper disposal of urban/industrial waste can cause contamination of Surface water resources (Al-Harbi, N.A., 2010,Al-Hawas, I.A., 2002, Al-Sahlawi, M.A., 1999, Rice, E.W., 2012). Surface water contains a wide variety of dissolved inorganic chemical constituents in various concentrations, resulting from chemical and biochemical interactions between water and the geological materials. Inorganic contaminants including salinity, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, iron and arsenic are important in determining the suitability of Surface water for drinking purposes. Surface water is a good source of fresh water resource which is the biggest issues in front of the policy makers for its sustainable utilization. Natural filtration through soil and sediments makes the Surface water free from organic impurities. Various major controlling Surface water chemistry factors are regional geology, geochemically process and landuse patterns (CEU, 1998, Dabbagh, A.E., 1997, Diawara, C.K., 2008, Durmaz, F., 2005, e1-Dessouki, H.T., 2002, El-Ghonemy, A.M.K., 2012, Eltawil, M.A., 2009).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
For the assessment of Surface water quality of the Mandakini river of the Chitrakoot, Taking in view the following drinking water parameters was analyzed (1) pH (2)Turbidity (3) Total Dissolved Solids (4) Elec. Conductivity (5)Total hardness(6) Calcium(7) Magnesium (8) Total alkalinity and (9) Temperature. Using standard method.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The values of various physical and chemical parameters in the Mandakini river, Satna district have been analyzed and studied Nov 2017. The table 1 shows water of quality for portable is moderate due to turbidity was slightly higher, Electrical conductivity was higher and hardness of water was also high due to the concentration of calcium. From this above discussion, it has seen that the taste and odour of Surface water in the investigated areas are not very pleasant and some other areas are not contaminated with the chemicals. The cause for the contamination may be sewage and anthropological activity in Mandakini Rivers (Fan, X., 2003, FAO, 2009, Fatta, D.1999).
CONCLUSION:
Water quality is dependent on the type of the pollutant added and the nature of mineral found at particular zone of surface water. Monitoring of the water quality of surface water is done by collecting representative water samples and analysis of physicochemical characteristics of water sample of MandakiniRiver, Chitrakoot. Result of water quality assessment showed that most of the water quality parameters slightly higher.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
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