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B.A. Bhairav1*, J.K. Bachhav1, R.B. Saudagar2
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, KCT'S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik, 422 213 Maharashtra, India
2 Department of Chemistry, KCT'S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik, 422 213 Maharashtra, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract:
Absorption process is develop in biological system to getting required organic and inorganic chemicals in to systemic circulation and maintain bioavailability. The bioavailability issue can be due to insufficient solubility or permeability. Most compounds face the solubility problems. Hence, with the advancement of chemical science, the need of development of pharmaceutical technologies is also increasing and it depend upon drug to drug. The drug exhibit very poor aqueous solubility the rate at which drug dissolve in gastro intestinal tract and exhibit rate limiting step. Oral route is the most desirable and preferred method of administering therapeutic agents for their systemic effect On the basis of solubility, drugs are classified into four classes of the BCS classification. Solubility challenges are faced in the Class II and Class IV of the BCS system. To improve solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drug we use various methods or techniques. Various techniques are used for the enhancement of the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which include physical and chemical modifications of drug and other methods like particle size reduction, crystal engineering, salt formation, solid dispersion, use of surfactant, complexation, and so forth. Selection of solubility improving method depends on drug property, site of absorption, and required dosage form characteristics.
Key Words: Bioavailability, Novel methods, Solubility, BCS Class.
Introduction:
The solvent is generally a liquid, which can be a pure substance or a mixture of two liquids. One may also speak of solid solution, but rarely of solution in a gas. The extent of solubility ranges widely, from infinitely soluble such as ethanol in water to poorly soluble, such as silver chloride in water. The term insoluble is often applied to poorly or very poorly soluble compounds Solubility occurs under dynamic equilibrium, which means that solubility results from the simultaneous and opposing processes of dissolution and phase joining. Solubility equilibrium occurs when the two processes proceed at a constant rate.
Under certain conditions equilibrium solubility may be exceeded to give a so-called supersaturated solution, which is metastable...