Abstract
Saithe Pollachius virens are attracted to uneaten salmon feed underneath cages at open‐cage salmon farms in Norway. The aggregated Saithe have modified their feeding habits as they have switched from wild prey to uneaten food pellets, which could lead to physiological and biochemical changes in the Saithe. Variations in profiles of total lipids, fatty acids, and trace elements in Saithe liver and muscle were measured to evaluate the influence of fish feed from salmon farms on wild Saithe populations. Farm‐aggregated Saithe had higher fat content in liver tissues than did individuals captured more than 25 km away from farms, but no clear differences were found in muscle tissues. High proportions of fatty acids of terrestrial origin, such as oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, in liver and muscle tissues of farm‐aggregated Saithe reflected the presence of wild Saithe at farms. Accordingly, low proportions of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids in Saithe tissues mirrored the feeding activity at farms. Variations in specific trace element signatures among fish groups also revealed the farming influence on wild Saithe. High levels of Fe, As, Se, Zn, and B in liver, but also As, B, Li, Hg, and Sr in muscle of Saithe captured away from farms indicated the absence of feeding at farms.
Received March 26, 2014; accepted December 10, 2014
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Details
1 Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Post Office Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain; and Norwegian Institute of Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
2 Nofima AS, The Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Tromsø, Norway
3 Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
4 Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
5 Norwegian Institute of Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway