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Correspondence: Weisbeck, Sarah 2500 University Dr NW Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 (403)-796-9350 Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this article is to clarify the concept of patient empowerment and to correct misconceptions regarding this approach to managing chronic pain care and education.
Background: Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide and the effects of chronic pain can be seen in every aspect of a patient's life. However, a review of the literature reveals little emphasis has been placed on patient empowerment within this population. Accurate understanding and authentic application of empowerment can enable patients to self-manage chronic pain, which can lead to improved person-centered care outcomes.
Methods: A literature review and concept analysis based on Rodger's evolutionary concept analysis procedure were used to identify the basic elements of patient empowerment within the chronic pain population. This concept analysis was carried out with the aid of literature on patient empowerment obtained through internet databases CINAHL, PUBMED, Scopus, and Medline.
Results: Following Rodger's process, the surrogate terms and relevant uses of the concept were identified, and the attributes, references, antecedents, and consequences of patient empowerment were explored. Self-determination, a mutual partnership, supportive relationship, and an enabling process were found to be the common attributes of empowerment in chronic pain populations.
Conclusion: Empowerment remains an evolving concept with both the healthcare provider (HCP) and patient contributing to its evolvement. The HCP must communicate effectively, surrender control, and foster a mutual partnership with the patient. The patient must be motivated to change, possess competencies to engage in the empowerment process, and feel supported in their relationship with the HCP. As patients are empowered they can better self-manage their illness, leading to improved health outcomes. Embracing patient empowerment requires a paradigm shift that is often difficult to achieve because of traditional approaches to care embedded in HCPs socialization and training.
Keywords: patient empowerment, chronic pain, concept analysis, chronic illness
Introduction
As healthcare systems continue to evolve, there is a growing focus on patient involvement in the delivery of care, policy, and healthcare design. Patient empowerment has gained prominence as more collaborative models are embraced with the potential for improving cost-effectiveness and delivery of care (Bravo et al., 2015). Patients are now expected to be active...