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Abstract
Plants perceive and respond to volatile signals in their environment. Herbivore-infested plants release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which can initiate systemic defense reactions within the plant and contribute to plant-plant communication. Here, for Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) leaves we show that among various herbivory-induced plant volatiles, (E)-4,8–dimethyl–1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) had the highest abundance of all emitted compounds. This homoterpene was found being sufficient for a volatile-mediated systemic induction of defensive Sporamin protease inhibitor activity in neighboring sweet potato plants. The systemic induction is jasmonate independent and does not need any priming-related challenge. Induced emission and responsiveness to DMNT is restricted to a herbivory-resistant cultivar (Tainong 57), while a susceptible cultivar, Tainong 66, neither emitted amounts comparable to Tainong 57, nor showed reaction to DMNT. This is consistent with the finding that Spodoptera larvae feeding on DMNT-exposed cultivars gain significantly less weight on Tainong 57 compared to Tainong 66. Our results indicate a highly specific, single volatile-mediated plant-plant communication in sweet potato.
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Details
1 Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
2 Institute of Plant Biology, and Climate Change/Sustainable Development Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian, Fujian, China
3 Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
4 Institute of Plant Biology, and Climate Change/Sustainable Development Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
5 Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany