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Contents
- Abstract
- Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being
- Framework for Measuring Well-Being
- The Present Investigation
- Components of Well-Being
- WB-Pro: Development and Refinement of a Preliminary Item Pool
- Method
- Participants
- Measures: Key Correlates and Determinants of Our 15 Well-Being Factors
- Life changes
- Alternative measures and correlates of well-being
- Statistical Analysis
- Factor analysis
- Convergent and discriminant validity: MTMM analyses
- Convergent and discriminant validity: Relations with other constructs
- Development of a short-form of WB-Pro
- Results
- Factor Structure
- CFA and ESEM
- Factor structure: Total group
- Multiple group tests of factorial invariance
- Convergent and Discriminant Validity in Relation to Time: MTMM Analyses
- Relations to Background/Demographic Characteristics
- Relations With Significant Life Change Events
- Convergent and Discriminant Validity in Relation to Other Constructs
- A Profile Approach: Relations Between WB-Pro15 Factors and Selected Demographic Variables
- Purportedly Unidimensional Measures of Well-Being
- Tests of the unidimensionality of the WEMWBS and the flourishing
- Absorption of WEMWBS and Flourishing items into WB-Pro
- Development of a Short-Form of WB-Pro
- Discussion
- Contrasting Purportedly Unidimensional and Multidimensional Measures of Well-Being
- A Multidimensional Perspective: The WB-Pro Factor Structure
- Relations with demographic variables
- Life change events
- A Multidimensional Perspective: Support for Convergent and Discriminant Validity
- MTMM analysis in relation to time
- Relations with selected set of 25 external validity criteria
- Global Measures of Well-Being: Reflective Versus Formative Measures
- Are the WEMWBS and Flourishing Scale measures really global unidimensional measures?
- Global formative measures based on the WB-Pro
- What Are the Implications of These Results in Terms of Future Application of the WB-Pro?
- Using WB-Pro to Map the Content of Alternative Measures of Well-Being
- Limitations, Conclusions, and Directions for Further Research
Figures and Tables
Abstract
There is no universally agreed definition of well-being as a subjective experience, but Huppert and So (2013) adopted and systematically applied the definition of well-being as positive mental health—the opposite of the common mental disorders described in standard mental health classifications (e.g., Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). We extended their theoretical approach to include multi-item scales, using 2 waves of nationally representative U.S. adult samples to develop, test, and validate our multidimensional measure of well-being (WB-Pro). This resulted in a good-fitting a priori (48-item, 15-factor) model that was invariant over time, education, gender,...