海外公民利益维护的“中国方案”初探

Abstract

With the rise of China and its opening-up, more and more Chinese citizens are going abroad. The Chinese government has increasingly attached importance to the protection of overseas Chinese citizens' interests. Taking the "security reminder" issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as an analysis variable, the analysis of this article shows the current situation of overseas Chinese citizens' rights protection from 2014 to 2018. Through the accumulation of historical experience, combined with the current situation and learning from the successful experiences of other countries, China has gradually formed the "Chinese solution" to the protection of its overseas citizens' interests (CSOCIP) which embodies Chinese characteristics and demonstrates Chinese wisdom. CSOCIP can be summarized as the culture of negotiation under the principle of non-interference, overall diplomacy under the institutional advantages, and the participation of domestic multi-subjects and overseas Chinese citizens. The authors attempt to explain theoretically the connotations of CSOCIP, and analyze the challenges and problems encountered by CSOCIP, including international identity and the overseas protection capacity of China as well as the perception and adaptation of the international community.

Alternate abstract:

随着中国的崛起和对外开放，越来越多的中国公民走出国境，其权益维护日益受到 中国政府的重视。本文以外交部近五年(2014-2018)发布的“安全提醒”为依据，分析了海 外中国公民权益保护的现状。作者认为，通过历史经验的积累，结合保护海外中国公民的现 实情况，借鉴其他国家的成功经验，中国逐渐形成了体现中国特色、彰显中国智慧的海外公 民权益保护的“中国方案”。本文将海外公民权益保护“中国方案”的内涵归纳为不干涉原 则下的协商文化、体制优势下的总体外交及多元主体下的华侨华人参与三个方面。作者认为， 海外公民利益维护“中国方案”展现了中国在海外公民权益维护方面的经验，但我们要看到 其背后面临的困境及挑战，既包括中国海外利益快速拓展与充分保护的困境、崛起大国的 “实习期”和身份转换问题以及国际社会的适应问题。