A survey on channel coding techniques for 5G wireless networks

Abstract

Although 4G (fourth generation) i.e. LTE (long term evolution) systems are now in use world-wide. But today’s 4G systems have some challenges left such as spectrum scarcity and energy efficiency. The prime objectives of near-by-future 5G (fifth generation) wireless communications are reliability, higher data rate, higher bandwidth, high spectrum efficiency, higher energy efficient and that too at lower latency. Channel coding tend to increase the reliability of the wireless communications system by adding extra bits in a controlled fashion and is considered to be most persuasive element of communication system. 4G LTE Turbo Codes have already been replaced by LDPC (low density parity check) Codes in many of the standards including mMTC (massive machine type communication), D2D (device to device communication) and URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency reliable communications). LDPC Codes and Polar Codes are securing much more observation because of their inherent advantages of excellent bit-error-rate performance, fast encoding and decoding procedures; which make them the strong contenders for 5G Channel Codes too. This paper provides the broad survey and comparison of the LDPC and Polar Codes along with their advantages and drawbacks which will aid in further improvement of the next generation wireless networks. In order to enlighten future research possibilities in this direction, issues addressed by distinct researchers have been explored too.