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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are associated to risk factors as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. The transforming growth factor-β1 receptors ALK1 and endoglin regulate blood pressure and vascular homeostasis. However, no studies relate the association of ALK1 and endoglin polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors. We analysed the predictive value of the ALK1 and endoglin polymorphisms on cardiovascular target organ damage in hypertensive and diabetic patients in 379 subjects with or without hypertension and diabetes in a Primary Care setting. The ALK1 rs2071219 polymorphism (AA genotype) is associated with a lower presence of diabetic retinopathy and with the absence of altered basal glycaemia. Being carrier of the ALK1 rs3847859 polymorphism (G allele) is associated with lower basal heart rate and with higher LDL-cholesterol levels. The endoglin rs3739817 polymorphism (AA genotype) is associated with higher levels of LDL-cholesterol, and being carrier of the endoglin rs10987759 polymorphism (C allele) is associated with higher haemoglobin levels and with an increased heart rate. Summarizing, several ALK1 and endoglin gene polymorphisms increase the risk of cardiovascular events. The analysis of these polymorphisms in populations at risk, in combination with the determination of other parameters and biomarkers, could implement the diagnosis and prognosis of susceptibility to cardiovascular damage.
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1 Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); University of Salamanca, Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)-REDINREN (ISCIII), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.11762.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 1817)
2 Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); Primary Health Care Research Unit, La Alamedilla Health Centre, Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); University of Salamanca, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.11762.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 1817)
3 Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); Primary Health Care Research Unit, La Alamedilla Health Centre, Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); University of Salamanca, Department of Medicine, Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.11762.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 1817)
4 Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.452531.4); University of Salamanca, Department of Medicine, Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.11762.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 1817); University of Salamanca-CSIC, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), Salamanca, Spain (GRID:grid.11762.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 1817)