Teacher Perceptions on Flexible Seating in the Classroom: Effects on Student Engagement and Student Achievement

Abstract

This qualitative study explores the perception of teachers’ use of flexible seating in the classroom on student engagement and student learning. The researcher analyzed qualitative interview data to answer the following research questions: 1) What are elementary teacher perceptions regarding uses of flexible seating in the classroom? 2) What are elementary teacher perceptions on the influence of flexible seating on student engagement? 3) What are elementary teacher perceptions on the influence of flexible seating on student achievement?

The purpose of this study was achieved by interviewing general and special education teachers who teach pre-kindergarten through sixth-grade in Missouri who use, have used, or have never used flexible seating in their classroom. Using the data from these interviews, this study identified common themes around the use of flexible seating among the fifteen teachers interviewed. Under the themes of advantages, comfort, choices, and increased engagement/focus were discussed. Falling under the disadvantage themes were classroom management, too much choice, and cost. For the second research question, themes of student movement, student engagement, students on task, and differences in student behavior were discussed. For the third research question, themes identified were flexible seating during independent work and students being comfortable as a way to improve student achievement.

This study provides insight into how those involved use flexible seating to engage students during instructional time and work time. In addition, the literature studies involving stability balls for those students who may need extra movement due to having ADHD, Autism, sensory disorders, or just need more movement showed positive results for student engagement. In addition, the data showed when students are comfortable, they are more likely to be engaged which could lead to better student achievement.

The results from this study could help school districts and teachers get more student engagement by the seating items or the arrangement of students' seating in the classroom by giving students more movement throughout the day. Results also pointed out that classroom management and explanations of the flexible seating items is an important part of having a successful flexible seating environment.