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Abstract
Stunting in infants is an indication of chronic malnutrition as a result of a bad condition that lasts long from birth. Stunting that occurs in the First 1000 Days of Life can increase mortality and impaired body functions. Malnutrition in toddlers can also arise due to the culture, habits, and social community related to food intake. Madura is known as a patriarchal society and considers culture as an identity in behavior, including health behavior. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months based on Transcultural Nursing. This research used a descriptive-analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents was 97 mothers with children under five (24-59 months with a simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable of this study was the stunting event. The independent variable consisted of technological factors, family and social support, cultural values and lifestyle, economy, and mother's education. Data collection using microtome and questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square statistical tests with significance level a <0.05. There was a relationship between technological factors (p=0.045), family and social support factors (p=0.048), cultural values & lifestyle (p=0.013), and economic factors (p=0.034) with the incidence of stunting in infants. Future studies are recommended to conduct further research on transcultural nursing-based interventions as an early effort to prevent and manage stunting in mother's economy and education.
Keywords: malnutrition, nutritional status, stunting, transcultural nursing
INTRODUCTION
Malnutrition during childhood with or without recurring illness will cause a stunted body shape in adulthood (Narendra, Sularyo, Soetjiningsih, Ranuh, & Wiradisuria, 2002). World Health Organization (WHO), in 2005 stated, stunting is one form of undernutrition that is characterized by height according to age measured by standard deviations by reference. Height indicators, according to age, indicate chronic nutritional problems as a result of long-standing conditions, for example, poverty, life behavior, and poor parenting or feeding patterns since the child was born, which causes the child to experience stunting (Anindita, 2012; Scheffler et al., 2019). Stunting occurs when the fetus is still in the womb, and became apparent in two years age. The highest incidence of stunting in Indonesia occurs in children aged 24-59 months (Agho, Inder, Bowe, Jacobs, & Dibley, 2009; Ardiansyah, Indriasari, Panghiyangani, Husaini, & Noor, 2018).
The...