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Abstract
The object of that investigation was detect the sex of fetuses in Arabian pregnant she camel plasma, through identifying SRY gene in the 10th to 15th weeks of pregnancy in the cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood samples were collected from 34 Arabian pregnant she camels. The positive PCR product bands that obtained 20/34 (58.82%) samples were positive ranges for the SRY and GABDH genes, which indicate male sex, and 14/34 samples (41.18 %) were positive ranges for only GABDH gene, which clearly showed female sex. The findings show that the sex of the fetus can be identified at a very early stage of gestation in Arabian she camel with high accuracy investigated were congruent with the actual gender of the offspring without need to re-examine again, as well as showed that fetal DNA can be reliably identified in pregnant female blood and can be used to identify certain genetic disorders.
Keywords: molecular sex determination, Arabian she camel, (PCR), fetal DNA
INTRODUCTION
The accurate diagnosis of the sex of the fetus in domestic animals is of great importance, especially for beauty breeders, because it has a commercial value (Bucca et al. 2005). For many years, the identification of the sex fetus in animals has been through ultrasonography via the rectum (Livini 2010), but this technique facing many obstacles, such as its required an inspector with great experience, also in equine, the fetal structure visualization may be Impeded by massive quantities of allantois fluid and fast fetal motion. These techniques have needed adequate time to remove possible objects and make it a precise and accurate diagnostic procedure (Resende et al. 2014). Therefore, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) molecular sex determination based on the free cells in maternal plasma can be a accurate, responsive and realistic proof (Liao et al. 2014; Al-Seeni, et al, 2017). Since the DNA in the pregnant female blood is a mixture of the fetus's and the female DNA, it can be used to detect the Y chromosome from the male fetus (Barra et al. 2015; Gregg et al. 2016).
The cffDNA arise from the placenta (Taglauer et al. 2014), but the isolation of the cffDNA of maternal cells in equine is a major technical...