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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increasingly gained importance as the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus. Various natural compounds derived from plants are associated with beneficial effects on the incidence and progression of MetS. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Capsicum annuum on factors related to MetS by assessing randomized controlled trials (written in English). We searched the online databases of PubMed, Embase, Google scholar, and Cochrane Library up to April 2020. ‘Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes’ format was used to determine whether intervention with C. annuum supplementation compared with placebo supplementation had any effect on the components of MetS among participants. We considered standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) as effect size measures using random-effects model. Analysis of the included 11 studies (n = 609) showed that C. annuum supplementation had significant effect on low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [SMD = − 0.39; 95% CI − 0.72, − 0.07; P = 0.02; prediction interval, − 1.28 to 0.50] and marginally significant effect on body weight [SMD = − 0.19; 95% CI − 0.40, 0.03; P = 0.09]. However, larger and well-designed clinical trials are needed to investigate the effects of C. annuum on MetS.
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Details
1 National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Functional Food Division, Wanju, South Korea (GRID:grid.420186.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0636 2782)
2 Kunsan National University, Department of Food and Nutrition, Gunsan, South Korea (GRID:grid.411159.9) (ISNI:0000 0000 9885 6632)
3 Seoul Women’s University, Division of Applied Food System, Major of Food and Nutrition, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.412487.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0533 3082)