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Introduction
The order Coleoptera includes beetles. The beetles (Coleoptera) are widespread in nearly all ecosystems, except the polar region and oceans, and are one of the important biologically controlling agents into agro-ecosystems (Vincent and Carde, 2009). The beetles eat extensive assortments of soil dwelling, tree dwelling insects in addition to maggots, caterpillars, aphids and ants (Liebman and Gallandt, 1997). Cerambycidae comprises long horned beetles, they are cosmopolitan in nature these beetles are named due to their long antennae that extends longer than their body length (Arnett et al. 2002). The name of family has been originated from Greek word cerambis which means horned beetle (Lawrence, 1982). The family Cerambycidae is considered as the largest family of order Coleoptera, containing 35000 species with 4000 genera and 11 subfamilies respectively (Svacha and Lawrence, 2014).
Nearly, 396 species has been described from Indian sub-continent by Gahan (1906) i-e: Grammoptera abdominalis (Stephens, 1831),Grammoptera ruficornis (Fabricius, 1781), Grammoptera ustulata (Schaller, 1783), Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus, 1758), Judolia sexmaculata (Linnaeus, 1758), Lamia textor (Linnaeus, 1758), Leiopus nebulosus (Linnaeus, 1758), Leptura aurulenta Fabricius, 1793, Leptura quadrifasciata Linnaeus, 1758, Lepturobosca virens (Linnaeus, 1758), Mesosa nebulosa (Fabricius, 1781) Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant, 1839), Arhopalus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Aromia moschata (Linnaeus, 1758), Asemum striatum (Linnaeus, 1758), Callidium violaceum (Linnaeus, 1758), Cerambyx cerdo Linnaeus, 1758,Cerambyx scopolii Fuessly, 1775 were recorded for the first time, and of which 9 species were reported from Pakistan (Perveen, 2017). Sixteen species of Cerambycidae are reported from India (Sengupta and Sengupta, 1981).
The long-horned beetles grow in the timbers are effortlessly move under the side of the rudiments of the woods of trees, therefore expanded in various geographical ranges (Friedman et al. 2008). These beetles are characterized by long antenna the species of the beetles consume wide variety of trees, shrub and herbs. Mostly, they feed on the wood of broad-leaved trees causing severe damage by boring holes in the trees (Kumawat et al., 2015). The long-horned beetles prefer several fruits as a source of their nutrition (Nichols et al., 2006).
Cerambycid beetles are wood-dependent and their larvae almost exclusively feed on living, dying or dead trees. Approximately 960 species alongwith subspecies of Cerambycidae have been recorded from Japan and 31% (257) species live within the administrative districts of Tokyo (Saito 1994). Long...