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Copyright © 2021 Thi Oanh Nguyen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) are the first-line medication for oral erectile dysfunction, which are used according to the prescription of doctors. However, these substances have been found illegally in supplementary foods. The quality and safety of dietary supplements for enhancing male sexual performance have been questioned, raising the need for continual development of analytical methods. Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry has become one of the most effective methods to identify and measure PDE-5i concentration. In this research, we focused on (i) developing and validating an effective screening and quantitation method for more than 53 PDE-5i in ingredients and supplementary products using LC-Q-Exactive after a simple sample extraction and (ii) assessing PDE-5i content in natural-based supplementary products available in Vietnam market. The extraction method used a small amount of organic solvent, which makes it more environmentally friendly (greener). The developed method has a limit of detection of 0.4 mg/kg, a limit of quantitation of 1.2 mg/kg, recoveries from 80 to 110%, and repeatability lower than 15%. Ninety-two herbal supplementary foods and ingredients used for enhancement of male sexual performance available in Vietnamese markets were collected. Fourteen PDE-5i including conventional and novel analogous were detected and measured in eighteen food supplements and two formulation ingredient samples.

Details

Title
Rapid Screening and Quantitative Determination of Illegal Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors (PDE-5i) in Herbal Dietary Supplements
Author
Nguyen, Thi Oanh 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cao-Son, Tran 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Thi Thu Hang Do 2 ; Thi Minh Hoa Nguyen 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Quang-Dong Bui 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cao-Tien Bui 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hong-Ngoc Nguyen 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Thu-Hien Dang 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Viet-Chien Dinh 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Thi Anh Huong Nguyen 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Thi Hong Hao Le 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Vietnam Food Administration, 135 Nui Truc, Ba Dinh, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam 
 National Institute for Food Control, 65 Pham Than Duat, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam 
 University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam 
 University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; National Institute for Food Control, 65 Pham Than Duat, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam 
Editor
Sibel A Ozkan
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISSN
20908865
e-ISSN
20908873
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2527980034
Copyright
Copyright © 2021 Thi Oanh Nguyen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/