Abstract

Coptis chinensis Franch, a perennial herb, is mainly distributed in southeastern China. The rhizome of C. chinensis has been used as a traditional medicine for more than 2000 years in China and many other Asian countries. The pharmacological activities of C. chinensis have been validated by research. Here, we present a de novo high-quality genome of C. chinensis with a chromosome-level genome of ~958.20 Mb, a contig N50 of 1.58 Mb, and a scaffold N50 of 4.53 Mb. We found that the relatively large genome size of C. chinensis was caused by the amplification of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons. In addition, a whole-genome duplication event in ancestral Ranunculales was discovered. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the tyrosine decarboxylase (TYDC) and (S)-norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) genes were expanded and that the aspartate aminotransferase gene (ASP5) was positively selected in the berberine metabolic pathway. Expression level and HPLC analyses showed that the berberine content was highest in the roots of C. chinensis in the third and fourth years. The chromosome-level reference genome of C. chinensis provides important genomic data for molecular-assisted breeding and active ingredient biosynthesis.

Details

Title
The chromosome-level reference genome of Coptischinensis provides insights into genomic evolution and berberine biosynthesis
Author
Da-xia, Chen 1 ; Pan, Yuan 1 ; Wang, Yu 1 ; Yan-Ze, Cui 2 ; Ying-Jun, Zhang 2 ; Rang-yu, Mo 1 ; Xiao-li, Wu 1 ; Tan, Jun 1 ; Zhang, Jian 1 ; Lian-an, Guo 1 ; Zhao, Xiao 1 ; Jiang Wenkai 2 ; Tian-lin, Sun 2 ; Xiao-Di, Hu 2 ; Long-yun, Li 1 

 Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China (GRID:grid.469520.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 8917); Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fine Variety Breeding Techniques of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China (GRID:grid.469520.c); China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chongqing Sub-center of National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China (GRID:grid.469520.c) 
 Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.410753.4) 
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
Oxford University Press
e-ISSN
20527276
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2534802957
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.