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Abstract
The aim of this research is to examine the meanings and impact of implementing restorative practice (RP) within three prisons from the perspectives of prisoners and staff. The prisons were selected as they demonstrate outwardly a commitment to RP and also are indicative of good cultures, according to recent MoJ data. The methodology is qualitative, using a variety of research techniques including semi-structured interviews and observation. The paper also studies the available literature on restorative justice (RJ) in prisons and compares it to the literature on embedding RP in schools which has received more empirical research attention. The paper illustrates that the school's literature could benefit custodial settings.
The key findings demonstrate benefits experienced by both residents and staff when RP is implemented; implemented well, RP delivers and supports a culture of fairness, avoiding or defusing confrontation and contributing to constructive approaches to prison and post-release life and relationships. However, there is widespread confusion as to the definition of RP and what constitutes RP. Few staff are trained and assumptions about restorative justice hamper the possibilities of RP. RP does not sit at the heart of the prisons' philosophy, as in schools identifying as 'restorative'. Instead, they use RP as a form of social 'lubricant', managing challenges as they arise through the discretion of those capable of employing RP. In conclusion, the paper makes recommendations based on the findings for further embedding RP across the secure estate.
Keywords
Restorative, restorative justice, restorative practice, rehabilitation, culture change
Introduction
This paper explores how Restorative Practice (RP) is understood and operationalised currently within three (Category C and Category D) UK prisons in the secure adult male estate; HMP Warren Hill, HMP Buckley Hall and HMP Thorn Cross. Drawing a clear distinction between Restorative Justice (RJ) and Restorative Practice (RP), the author chose to work with three prisons, all of which have a demonstrated commitment to RP both in outward communication and practical application and have embraced versions of a rehabilitative culture. Whilst working in custodial settings as a facilitator, trainer and consultant in RJ and RP, the author observed that broader RP techniques were being implemented sporadically in prisons by some Governors. This ignited some questions: What do those who work or live within the prison...