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Abstract
Inconsistent results have been reported for the association between alcohol use and pancreatic cancer, particularly at low levels of alcohol consumption. Individuals genetically susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of alcohol might have higher pancreatic cancer risk after drinking alcohol. The current study investigated the association between alcohol use and pancreatic cancer with 419 pancreatic cancer cases and 963 controls recruited by a hospital-based case–control study in Taiwan. Gene-environment interaction between alcohol use and polymorphisms of two ethanol-metabolizing genes, ADH1B and ALDH2, on pancreatic risk was evaluated. Our results showed no significant association between alcohol drinking and an increased pancreatic cancer risk, even at high levels of alcohol consumption. Even among those genetically susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of alcohol (carriers of ADH1B*2/*2(fast activity) combined with ALDH2*1/*2(slow activity) or ALDH2*2/*2(almost non-functional)), no significant association between alcohol use and pancreatic cancer was observed. Overall, our results suggested that alcohol drinking is not a significant contributor to the occurrence of pancreatic cancer in Taiwan.
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1 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255); National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
2 National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.59784.37) (ISNI:0000000406229172); National Cheng Kung University, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255); Kaohsiung Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (GRID:grid.412019.f) (ISNI:0000 0000 9476 5696); National Cheng Kung University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
3 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Family MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255); National Cheng Kung University, Institute of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
4 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Family MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
5 National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.59784.37) (ISNI:0000000406229172); National Cheng Kung University, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
6 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
7 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)
8 Mennonite Christian Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Hualien, Taiwan (GRID:grid.415323.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0639 3300)
9 National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.59784.37) (ISNI:0000000406229172)
10 National Cheng Kung University, Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan (GRID:grid.64523.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3255)