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Abstract
Recent studies have characterized a dominant clone (Clone 1) of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense (M. massiliense) associated with high prevalence in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, pulmonary outbreaks in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK), and a Brazilian epidemic of skin infections. The prevalence of Clone 1 in non-CF patients in the US and the relationship of sporadic US isolates to outbreak clones are not known. We surveyed a reference US Mycobacteria Laboratory and a US biorepository of CF-associated Mycobacteria isolates for Clone 1. We then compared genomic variation and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mutations between sporadic non-CF, CF, and outbreak Clone 1 isolates. Among reference lab samples, 57/147 (39%) of patients with M. massiliense had Clone 1, including pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections, compared to 11/64 (17%) in the CF isolate biorepository. Core and pan genome analyses revealed that outbreak isolates had similar numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and accessory genes as sporadic US Clone 1 isolates. However, pulmonary outbreak isolates were more likely to have AMR mutations compared to sporadic isolates. Clone 1 isolates are present among non-CF and CF patients across the US, but additional studies will be needed to resolve potential routes of transmission and spread.
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Details
1 National Jewish Health, Center for Genes, Environment and Health, Denver, USA (GRID:grid.240341.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0396 0728)
2 University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Department of Microbiology, Tyler, USA (GRID:grid.267310.1) (ISNI:0000 0000 9704 5790)
3 National Jewish Health, Department of Medicine, Denver, USA (GRID:grid.240341.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0396 0728)
4 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Pulmonary Branch, Bethesda, USA (GRID:grid.279885.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2293 4638)
5 National Institutes of Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, Bethesda, USA (GRID:grid.94365.3d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 5165)