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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Tyrosinases from a commercial Agaricus bisporus protein extract and directly isolated from white mushrooms were purified in order to obtaining the well-known tyrosinase from A. bisporus (TyrAB) of 45 kDa and a newly discovered 50 kDa tyrosinase isoform (Tyr50 kDa), and tested showing high antiviral activity against the hepatitis C virus for the first time. Cell toxicity and antiviral activity of tyrosinases were determined in cultured Huh 5-2 liver tumor cells transfected with a replicon system (a plasmid that includes all non-structural hepatitis C virus proteins and replicates autonomously). TyrAB was able to inhibit the replication of the hepatitis C virus without inducing toxicity in liver cells. In addition, the post-translational isoform Tyr50 kDa showed higher antiviral capacity than the former (up to 10 times greater), also exhibiting 10 times higher activity than the commercial drug Ribavirin®. This antiviral activity was directly proportional to the enzymatic activity of tyrosinases, as no antiviral capacity was observed in the inactive form of the enzymes. The tyrosinases approach could represent a new antiviral inhibition mechanism, through a plausible catalytic mechanism of selective hydroxylation of the key role of tyrosine residues in viral proteases.

Details

Title
In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Tyrosinase from Mushroom Agaricus bisporus against Hepatitis C Virus
Author
Lopez-Tejedor, David 1 ; Claveria-Gimeno, Rafael 2 ; Velazquez-Campoy, Adrian 3 ; Abian, Olga 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Palomo, Jose M 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis (CSIC), c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco Campus UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 
 Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Unit IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; [email protected]; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; [email protected]; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain 
 Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; [email protected]; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Gobierno de Aragón, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain 
First page
759
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
14248247
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2565484949
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.