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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Brackish water is a potential fresh water resource with lower salt content than seawater. Desalination of brackish water is an important option to alleviate the prevalent water crisis around the world. As a membrane technology ranging between UF and RO, NF can achieve the partial desalination via size exclusion and charge exclusion. So, it has been widely concerned and applied in treatment of brackish water during the past several decades. Hereon, an overview of the progress in research on and application of NF technology for brackish water treatment is provided. On the basis of expounding the features of brackish water, the factors affecting NF efficiency, including the feed water characteristics, operating conditions and NF membrane properties, are analyzed. For the ubiquitous membrane fouling problem, three preventive fouling control strategies including feed water pretreatment, optimization of operating conditions and selection of anti-fouling membranes are summarized. In addition, membrane cleaning methods for restoring the fouled membrane are discussed. Furthermore, the combined utilization of NF with other membrane technologies is reviewed. Finally, future research prospects are proposed to deal with the current existing problems. Lessons gained from this review are expected to promote the sustainable development of brackish water treatment with NF technology.

Details

Title
Progress in Research and Application of Nanofiltration (NF) Technology for Brackish Water Treatment
Author
Tian, Jiayu 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zhao, Xingrui 1 ; Gao, Shanshan 1 ; Wang, Xiaoying 2 ; Zhang, Ruijun 1 

 School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (S.G.) 
 School of Architectural Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; [email protected] 
First page
662
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20770375
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2576448950
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.