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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Infections with HEV in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are associated with increased rates of preterm birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth. The aim of the present study was to investigate HEV infections in pregnant women and the possibility of mother-to-child transmission, and associated outcomes. A total of 183 pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited and followed until delivery. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and HEV nucleic acids were detected in stool and cord blood samples. HEV genotypes were identified by Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Mother-to-child transmission and associated adverse outcomes were not observed. Only 2% of patients (n = 4/183) tested positive for anti-HEV IgM, and 8% (n = 14/183) tested positive for anti-HEV IgG antibodies. Cord blood (n = 150) analysis showed that there was no IgM detected, while 4% (n = 6/150) tested positive for anti-HEV IgG, which was consistent with mothers testing positive for anti-HEV IgG. Nucleic acid tests for HEV RNA yielded 2% (n = 4/183) from the serum and stool of pregnant women, and none from cord blood. The HEV isolates belonged to the genotype HEV-3a, with 99% homology with humans and 96% with pigs. No association was found between the risk of HEV infection and pregnancy outcomes or HEV transmission from mother to child. HEV-3 infections of zoonotic origin in pregnancy might have eventually resolved without complications.

Details

Title
Low Prevalence of HEV Infection and No Associated Risk of HEV Transmission from Mother to Child among Pregnant Women in Vietnam
Author
Pham, Xuan Huy 1 ; Dang Thanh Chung 1 ; Dang, Thuy Linh 1 ; Ngo, Thu Hang 1 ; Rachakonda, Sivaramakrishna 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Srinivas Reddy Pallerla 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Le Thi Kieu Linh 3 ; Hoang Van Tong 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Le Minh Dung 4 ; Can Van Mao 1 ; Wedemeyer, Heiner 5 ; C-Thomas, Bock 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Kremsner, Peter G 7 ; Song, Le Huu 8 ; Bui, Tien Sy 8 ; Nguyen, Linh Toan 1 ; Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; [email protected] (P.X.H.); [email protected] (D.T.C.); [email protected] (D.T.L.); [email protected] (N.T.H.); [email protected] (H.V.T.); [email protected] (C.V.M.) 
 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (S.R.P.); [email protected] (L.T.K.L.); [email protected] (P.G.K.) 
 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (S.R.P.); [email protected] (L.T.K.L.); [email protected] (P.G.K.); Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; [email protected] (L.H.S.); [email protected] (B.T.S.) 
 Tra Vinh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Tra Vinh 940000, Vietnam; [email protected] 
 Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; [email protected]; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany 
 Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] 
 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (S.R.P.); [email protected] (L.T.K.L.); [email protected] (P.G.K.); Centre de Recherches Medicales de Lambarene, Lambaréné B.P. 242, Gabon 
 Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; [email protected] (L.H.S.); [email protected] (B.T.S.); 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam 
First page
1340
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20760817
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2584441778
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.