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Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is a common condition and an important health concern. In addition to metabolic and cardiovascular risks, SD associates with decreases in cognitive performance. Neurovascular coupling (NVC, "functional hyperemia") is a critical homeostatic mechanism, which maintains adequate blood supply to the brain during periods of intensive neuronal activity. To determine whether SD alters NVC responses and cognitive performance, cognitive and hemodynamic NVC assessments were conducted prior to and 24 h post-SD in healthy young male individuals (n = 10, 27 ± 3 years old). Cognition was evaluated with a battery of tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Hemodynamic components of NVC were measured by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) during cognitive stimulation, dynamic retinal vessel analysis (DVA) during flicker light stimulation, and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during finger tapping motor task. Cognitive assessments revealed impairments in reaction time and sustained attention after 24 h of SD. Functional NIRS analysis revealed that SD significantly altered hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex and somatosensory cortex during a motor task. NVC-related vascular responses measured by DVA and TCD did not change significantly. Interestingly, TCD detected decreased task-associated cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the right middle cerebral artery in sleep deprived participants. Our results demonstrate that 24 h of SD lead to impairments in cognitive performance together with altered CBF and hemodynamic components of cortical NVC responses.
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1 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); University of Debrecen, Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary (GRID:grid.7122.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 1088 8582); Semmelweis University, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821)
2 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); Semmelweis University, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821); Josa Andras Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Nyíregyháza, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c)
3 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); University of Oklahoma, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Norman, USA (GRID:grid.266900.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0447 0018)
4 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); Semmelweis University, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821); Semmelweis University, International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821)
5 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618)
6 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Chicago, USA (GRID:grid.16753.36) (ISNI:0000 0001 2299 3507)
7 University of Oklahoma, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Norman, USA (GRID:grid.266900.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 0447 0018)
8 Semmelweis University, Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821)
9 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); University of Szeged, International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine and Medical Physics and Informatics, Szeged, Hungary (GRID:grid.9008.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 1016 9625)
10 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); University of Szeged, International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine and Medical Physics and Informatics, Szeged, Hungary (GRID:grid.9008.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 1016 9625); Semmelweis University, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Budapest, Hungary (GRID:grid.11804.3c) (ISNI:0000 0001 0942 9821); University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618)
11 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618); University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, Oklahoma City, USA (GRID:grid.266902.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2179 3618)