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In recent years we have witnessed a great technological advance accompanied by an equally impressive increase in energy consumption, causing problems of both financial and environmental order. In order to counteract this tendency, Green Computing emerges with a number of measures for a more efficient use of computing resources without a great loss of performance.
This essay is a study of several elements of Information Technology analyzed from the point of view of energy efficiency. With special emphasis on microprocessors, modern compiler design, development tools and optimization of code generation, a wide range of information is gathered on very relevant subjects through perspectives still not very considered by the community in general.
Also presented are two experimental studies that analyze the optimization of generated code for a set of benchmark programs in several programming languages with the aim of apraise the otimization impact on improving their energy consumption efficiency. A software measurement framework was also developed that, together with the methodologies presented in both studies, allows obtaining very precise and pertinent results for analysis. Finally, a ranking was produced for 18 development tools, considering the execution time and energy consumption of the executables generated through their compilation profiles.
This study also intends to contribute to an energy efficient technological advancement. All the work developed here may also serve as motivation so that these and other aspects of Information Technology may be seen through a greener perspective.