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Abstract
This work defends the thesis that insanity appeared in the official documentation and the social conscience of the inhabitants of Puerto Rico in the 19th century, associated with the identification and confinement of the insane, driven by the Spanish strategies of welfare and social correction and the ups and downs of its liberal and absolutist policies on this island. He also argues that popular representations of madness were a mixture of the European views of the etiology of madness and the European and Creole perspective of the effects of tropical climate on human beings. The asylum of the insane, of charitable intention, was in accordance with the third stage of the great Foucauldian confinement of the insane due to the control of the admission and the living conditions of the insane by orderly medicine, nuanced by the lack of resources, governmental and institutional misgovernment and by local representations of madness. The presence of madness produced changes in the provision of local charities and the alienist treatment of madmen and in Creole artistic expression. As colonial sovereignty changed, this situation fluctuated according to the policies of the new government.