It appears you don't have support to open PDFs in this web browser. To view this file, Open with your PDF reader
Abstract
Developmental control of jaw size is crucial to prevent disease and facilitate evolution. We have shown that species-specific differences in jaw size are established by neural crest mesenchyme (NCM), which are the jaw progenitors that migrate into the mandibular primordia. NCM relies on multiple signaling molecules including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) to mediate interactions with mandibular epithelium that facilitate outgrowth of the jaws. SHH signaling is known to promote outgrowth and so we tested if differential regulation of the SHH pathway can account for species-specific variation in mandibular primordia size. We analyze gene expression of SHH pathway members in duck, chick, and quail, and find higher transcriptional activation in the larger mandibular primordia of duck relative to those of chick and quail. We generate quail-duck chimeras and demonstrate that such activation is NCM-mediated. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments reveal a species-specific response to SHH signaling, with the target Gas1 being most sensitive to manipulations. Gas1 overexpression and knockdown in NCM alters cell number and/or mandibular primordia size. Our work suggests that NCM-mediated changes in SHH signaling may modulate jaw size during development, disease, and evolution.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer