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Abstract
Malaysia is a Muslim majority country with an estimated Muslim population in Malaysia of 20, 192 700 out of the total population in Malaysia. This amount reflects the need for food security including the supply of halal food for the needs of the Muslim community. Malaysia is also the most popular Islamic tourism destination in the global Muslim tourism market due to access of halal food through halal-certified restaurants. However, Malaysia still depends on imports products in various food commodities including rice, milk and dairy products, beef and mutton. Total food imports reached about RM45.4 billion compared to Malaysia's exports just only about RM27 billion leaving a deficit of more than RM18 billion. These imports are expected to increase further but there is still a shortage of supply from local sources in Malaysia. To meet the demand of domestic market, Malaysia needs to formulate a plan to improve the sustainability of food security, including protein sources from cattle and goat farming. In addition, Malaysia has the potential for the development of wakaf land due to having an area of idle wakaf land covering 11,091.82 hectares. Thus, this study aims to examine the suitability of waqf financing approaches that have the potential to be practiced in waqf livestock projects. This study has the potential as an initial proposal to implement a livestock endowment project financing approach to increase the level of food security in Malaysia and reduce dependence on imports of beef and mutton.
Malaysia merupakan negara majoriti Muslim dengan anggaran penduduk Muslim di Malaysia sebanyak 20, 192 700 daripada jumlah keseluruhan penduduk yang berada di Malaysia. Jumlah ini menggambarkan keperluan terhadap sekuriti makanan termasuklah bekalan makanan halal untuk keperluan masyarakat Muslim. Malaysia turut merupakan destinasi pelancongan Islam paling popular dalam pasaran pelancongan muslim global yang disebabkan akses kepada makanan halal melalui restoran yang diiktiraf halal. Walaubagaimanapun, Malaysia bergantung kepada import luar dalam pelbagai komoditi makanan termasuklah beras, susu dan produk tenusu, daging lembu dan daging kambing. Jumlah keseluruhan import makanan hampir menjangkau RM45.4 bilion berbanding eksport Malaysia ke luar negara hanya RM 27 bilion meninggalkan defisit melebihi RM18 bilion. Jumlah import ini dijangka akan terus meningkat sekiranya masih lagi kekurangan bekalan dari sumber lokal di Malaysia. Bagi memenuhi keperluan makanan domestik, Malaysia perlu merangka pelan untuk meningkatkan kelestarian sekuriti makanan termasuklah sumber protein daripada penternakan lembu dan kambing. Tambahan pula, Malaysia mempunyai potensi untuk pembangunan tanah wakaf berikutan mempunyai keluasan tanah wakaf terbiar merangkumi 11,091.82 hektar. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kesesuaian pendekatan pembiayaan wakaf yang berpotensi dipraktikkan dalam projek wakaf penternakan. Kajian ini berpotensi sebagai cadangan awal untuk mengimplentasikan pendekatan pembiayaan projek wakaf penternakan untuk meningkatkan tahap sekuriti makanan di Malaysia dan mengurangkan pergantungan terhadap import daging lembu dan kambing dari luar negara.
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