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Abstract
Respiratory pathologies alter the structure of the lung and impact its mechanics. Mice are widely used in the study of lung pathologies, but there is a lack of fundamental mechanical measurements assessing the interdependent effect of varying inflation volumes and cycling frequency. In this study, the mechanical properties of five male C57BL/6J mice (29–33 weeks of age) lungs were evaluated ex vivo using our custom-designed electromechanical, continuous measure ventilation apparatus. We comprehensively quantify and analyze the effect of loading volumes (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 ml) and breathing rates (5, 10, 20 breaths per minute) on pulmonary inflation and deflation mechanical properties. We report means of static compliance between 5.4–16.1 µl/cmH2O, deflation compliance of 5.3–22.2 µl/cmH2O, percent relaxation of 21.7–39.1%, hysteresis of 1.11–7.6 ml•cmH2O, and energy loss of 39–58% for the range of four volumes and three rates tested, along with additional measures. We conclude that inflation volume was found to significantly affect hysteresis, static compliance, starting compliance, top compliance, deflation compliance, and percent relaxation, and cycling rate was found to affect only hysteresis, energy loss, percent relaxation, static compliance and deflation compliance.
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1 University of California, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582)
2 University of California, BREATHE Center, School of Medicine, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582); University of California Riverside, Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582)
3 University of California, BREATHE Center, School of Medicine, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582); University of California Riverside, Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582); Colorado State University, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Fort Collins, USA (GRID:grid.47894.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 8083)
4 University of California, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582); University of California, BREATHE Center, School of Medicine, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582); University of California, Department of Bioengineering, Riverside, USA (GRID:grid.266097.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2222 1582)