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Abstract
Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is a relatively recent approach to model systems within the systems design lifecycle. MBSE draws from the Unified Modeling Language (UML) that was used for software development. The SysML (Systems Modeling) language using nine graphical diagrams that enable integration within and across the models for easier review, improved efficiency, and consistency of modeling. There are many challenges that are faced when moving from a document-based systems engineering practice and culture to one that embraces MBSE. This paper will discuss the challenges and a framework that addresses both cultural and structural components of moving to MBSE in designing systems.
Keywords Systems Engineering, Model-Based Systems Engineering, Engineering Management
1. Introduction
Model Based Systems Engineering is an approach to applying systems engineering principles, tools and activities with a focus on developing electronic models that are architected to be integrated throughout the systems engineering life cycle as well as from high levels to more detailed levels of the models, and from single elements to the integrated system, as illustrated in Figure 1.
2. Problem Description
Badiru identified two levels of integration, horizontal across the phases of the life cycle, and vertical integration from the component to the system to the operational level of models [2]. For our MBSE conceptual model, we add a dimension integrating between elements to the system. The three dimensions of integration in our view of MBSE is: 1) between phases of the life cycle; 2) between levels of detail; and 3) integration between elements to the system. The MBSE models integrate elements between each phase of the life cycle: concepts, stakeholders and risk in the concepts phase, to requirements and architecture in that phase, to specifications and integration and interfaces in detailed design, through test cases and results in implementation, verification and validation, through to a deployed integrated system. The models integrate increasing detail from high level functions through to decomposed functions providing more insight into details of supported system functions. Lastly the models show integration and connectivity between elements, sub-systems, and systems.
MBSE requires a change in thinking from a modeling approach based on documents, such as, requirements, specifications, drawings, test cases, to one based on integrated models that are architected to demonstrate traceability between the elements of...