Assessing Effects of Nature-Based and Ecotherapeutic Activity on Wellbeing and Mental Health in the United States

Abstract

Ecotherapy and nature-based approaches represent a recently growing field of interventions that focus on rekindling a reciprocal human relationship with nature, one that yields both deeper care, concern, and connection to the planet, as well as positive mental health benefits. As mental illness rises in the United States, ecotherapy has emerged as an intervention method that promises not only mental health benefits to those diagnosed, but also to those seeking simply to enhance their overall wellbeing. Additionally nature-based interventions add another layer of impact, restoring participants’ relationship with nature which is vital if the human population is to effectively heal the planet’s degrading ecosystems. The goal of my research is to investigate the effectiveness of ecotherapy and nature-based interventions to understand how they may be effective tools to address the mental health crisis, while also yielding positive outcomes toward inspiring action toward the climate crisis. My research consisted of key informant interviews with ecotherapists and organizational directors in the field as well as an online survey of practitioners and participants across the country. The key informant interviews revealed several factors that coalesce and contribute to why nature-based interventions can be more effective than traditional therapy methods. These factors include the following: 1) relation of nature to wellbeing, 2) nervous system regulation, 3) movement and present moment experiencing, and 4) seizing teachable moments. The online survey yielded results that point to the fact that participating in nature-based activity increases one’s level of mental health and wellbeing, as well as their inclination to take action to address climate change. Due to a small sample size, substantial claims, and future research is recommended. However, in regards to improvement in mental health before and after engaging in ecotherapy, 5 out of 8 survey participants reported an improvement in their mental health. This research does suggest ecotherapy can provide perceived mental health benefits, though deeper research with a larger sample size is required to prove these claims. Key informant interviews yielded interesting discussions about the impact of movement in ecotherapy and how having the opportunity to observe oneself in the present moment can be supportive in the healing process.