Orientaciones de meta y necesidades psicológicas básicas en el desarrollo de la Expresión Corporal en educación primaria: un estudio piloto (Goal orientations and basic psychological needs in the development of Corporal Expression in primary education: a

Abstract

The objective of this work was to analyse the effect of a didactic application of corporal expression (Body expression) on goal orientations and basic psychological needs in primary school students in Physical Education lessons. 73 Physical Education students (39 girls and 34 boys) aged between 9 and 12 years (4th PRI, n = 24; 5th PRI, n = 23; and 6th PRI, n = 26), belonging to a one-line State school of Education Primary participated in this study. A specific didactic intervention was carried out for the development of body expression during seven lessons of 50 minutes, in which support was given to autonomy, teamwork and creativity of the students. The motivational climate (POSQ) and basic psychological needs (BPNES) of all the students were evaluated. The results indicate a significant increase in the entire sample in the dependent variables: autonomy (p <0.001) and competence (p = 0.021) after the intervention. In girls, all basic psychological needs increased significantly its value after the intervention. There was no effect on the motivational climate(atmosphere) except in the sixth grade of primary education. Therefore, the development of body expression presents a series of benefits for the psychological well-being in students, especially in girls.

Alternate abstract:

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar el efecto de una aplicación didáctica de Expresión Corporal sobre las orientaciones de meta y las necesidades psicológicas básicas en el alumnado de primaria en las clases de Educación Física. 73 estudiantes de Educación Física (39 chicas y 34 chicos) con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y los 12 años (4ºPRI, n=24; 5ºPRI, n=23; y 6ºPRI, n = 26), pertenecientes a un colegio público de Educación Primaria de una línea participaron en este estudio. Se llevó a cabo una intervención didáctica específica para el desarrollo de la Expresión Corporal durante siete sesiones de 50 minutos, en la que se realizó apoyo a la autonomía, trabajo en grupo y creatividad del alumnado. Se evaluó el clima motivacional (POSQ) y las necesidades psicológicas básicas (BPNES) de todo el alumnado. Los resultados indican un aumento significativo del conjunto de la muestra en las variables dependientes autonomía (p < .001) y competencia (p = .021) tras la intervención. En chicas, todas las necesidades psicológicas básicas aumentaron significativamente su valor tras la intervención. No hubo efecto en el clima motivacional excepto en sexto curso de educación primaria. Por tanto, el desarrollo de la Expresión Corporal presenta una serie de beneficios para el bienestar psicológico en el alumnado, especialmente en las chicas. Abstact. The objective of this work was to analyse the effect of a didactic application of corporal expression (Body Expression) on goal orientations and basic psychological needs in primary school students in Physical Education lessons. 73 Physical Education students (39 girls and 34 boys) aged between 9 and 12 years (4th PRI, n = 24; 5th PRI, n = 23; and 6th PRI, n = 26), belonging to a one-line State school of Education Primary participated in this study. A specific didactic intervention was carried out for the development of Body Expression during seven lessons of 50 minutes, in which support was given to autonomy, teamwork and creativity of the students. The motivational climate (POSQ) and basic psychological needs (BPNES) of all the students were evaluated. The results indicate a significant increase in the entire sample in the dependent variables: autonomy (p <0.001) and competence (p = 0.021) after the intervention. In girls, all basic psychological needs increased significantly its value after the intervention. There was no effect on the motivational climate(atmosphere) except in the sixth grade of primary education. Therefore, the development of Body Expression presents a series of benefits for the psychological well-being in students, especially in girls.

Alternate abstract:

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito de uma aplicação didática da Expressão Corporal nas orientações de metas e necessidades psicológicas básicas em alunos do ensino fundamental em aulas de Educação Física. 73 alunos de Educação Física (39 meninas e 34 meninos) com idade entre 9 e 12 anos (4º PRI, n = 24; 5º PRI, n = 23; e 6º PRI, n = 26), pertencentes a uma escola pública de Educação Básica linha participou neste estudo. Foi realizada uma intervenção didática específica para o desenvolvimento da Expressão Corporal durante sete sessões de 50 minutos, nas quais foi prestado apoio à autonomia, trabalho em grupo e criatividade dos alunos. O clima motivacional (POSQ) e as necessidades psicológicas básicas (BPNES) de todos os alunos foram avaliados. Os resultados indicam um aumento significativo em toda a amostra nas variáveis ​​dependentes autonomia (p <0,001) e competência (p = 0,021) após a intervenção. Nas meninas, todas as necessidades psicológicas básicas aumentaram significativamente em valor após a intervenção. Não houve efeito sobre o clima motivacional, exceto na sexta série do ensino fundamental. Portanto, o desenvolvimento da Expressão Corporal apresenta uma série de benefícios para o bem-estar psicológico dos alunos, principalmente do sexo feminino.