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As with most workplaces, higher education institutions want a satisfied workforce to ensure their organization reaches stated and evolving goals. The job satisfaction concept was described in 1935 by Hoppock, who believed job satisfaction was a multifaceted concept with psychological, physiological, and environmental aspects that influence an individual's job contentment. Another frequently cited definition by Spector (1997) described job satisfaction as individuals' feeling about their jobs; this definition focused on individuals' polarized beliefs of likes or dislikes about their job. These definitions highlight a range of positive and negative feelings that individuals have regarding their job. Organizational scholars have been keenly interested in studying job satisfaction. For example, Obiekwe and colleagues (2019) believed workplace productivity relies on the efficient and effective performance of an organization's employees. Jalagat (2016) found that when employees were satisfied, they performed to attain organizational goals. Ahmad and Raja (2021) reported significant relationships among employee job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and business performance, such that job satisfaction exerts a positive influence on business performance indirectly through its influence on organizational commitment.
The nursing profession's interest in studying job satisfaction comes from a variety of settings that include both bedside and colleges. For a clinical example, Boamah et al. (2018) investigated organizational outcomes such as adverse patient events in relation with nurses' satisfaction and transformational leadership in Canadian acute care hospitals. Important research findings have demonstrated that when nurses were empowered, nurses' job satisfaction increased and subsequent improvements were observed in patient safety outcomes. Another example involved the systematic review of critical care nurses' job satisfaction in which Dilig-Ruiz et al. (2018) analyzed 24 articles containing a job satisfaction conceptual definition. From those studies, the authors identified factors that have positive and negative associations with critical care nurses' job satisfaction. Autonomy, personnel resources, and staffing, along with teamwork and group cohesion, led to higher job satisfaction, whereas stress and burnout were associated with lower job satisfaction. Overall, Dilig-Ruiz et al. found nurses were not very satisfied with their jobs.
In the nursing higher education literature, Arian and colleagues (2018) conducted a systematic review of 74 articles published between 1976 and 2018 on the topic of faculty job satisfaction. The...