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Keywords: home, gender, community, tradition, place attachment, Arab community
ABSTRACT
Hijab, in a general perspective, is a head covering used in Muslim women's clothing. More intrinsically, the hijab refers to one of the concepts in Islamic teachings that affect the boundaries of the lives of women and men. It is also one of the essential aspects that shape s ettlement patterns in Arab communities. The concept of hijab is embedded in daily lives and forms a different way of performing a ctivities between men and women. This paper aims to clarify the role of the hijab in identifying different place attachments between men and women. Places attached to men and women are intertwined differently and in nuanced and specific ways. The study used content analysis and provides empirical insights into how the tradition of hijab is closely related to the formation of different place attachments between genders. The paper observes how the phenomenon of maintaining religious and cultural practices in an i mmigrant community forms the basis for community place attachment and how an indigenous society tolerates it.
1.INTRODUCTION
The Arab community in the city of Tuban, Indonesia, settled in the 19th century. The migrants came from Hadhramaut, Yemen, to trade while carrying out a mission to preach Islamic teachings (Van Den Berg, 1989). For this reason, Tuban's Arab community is often called the Hadhrami. The migrants consisted of groups of men who later married local women. This group tends to be exclusive because they wanted to maintain their lineage (nasab) through the practice of endogamy or marriage within the group).
The Hadhrami community in Kutorejo, Tuban, strongly upholds Islamic values and uses these as guidelines that are applied in everyday life. In particular, one rule that encourages significant restrictions between the lives of men and women is the concept of hijab. This concept is consistently observed from generation to generation and used to foster strong bonds between community activities and the places around settlements. Houses, mosques, alleys, and places used for cultural practices help to construct a vital sense of belonging within the Hadhrami community through the concept known as 'place attachment'.
The study of place attachment focuses on cultural groups and their traditions, and builds a strong attachment and sense of belonging...