Abstract

Individuals who are unable to walk independently spend most of the day in a wheelchair. This population is at high risk for developing pressure injuries caused by sitting. However, early diagnosis and prevention of these injuries still remain challenging. Herein, we introduce battery-free, wireless, multimodal sensors and a movable system for continuous measurement of pressure, temperature, and hydration at skin interfaces. The device design includes a crack-activated pressure sensor with nanoscale encapsulations for enhanced sensitivity, a temperature sensor for measuring skin temperature, and a galvanic skin response sensor for measuring skin hydration levels. The movable system enables power harvesting, and data communication to multiple wireless devices mounted at skin-cushion interfaces of wheelchair users over full body coverage. Experimental evaluations and numerical simulations of the devices, together with clinical trials for wheelchair patients, demonstrate the feasibility and stability of the sensor system for preventing pressure injuries caused by sitting.

Details

Title
Wireless, multimodal sensors for continuous measurement of pressure, temperature, and hydration of patients in wheelchair
Author
Cho, Seokjoo 1 ; Han, Hyeonseok 1 ; Park, Hyunwoo 2 ; Lee, Sung-Uk 3 ; Kim, Jae-Hwan 4 ; Jeon, Sung Woo 4 ; Wang, Mengqiu 5 ; Avila, Raudel 6 ; Xi, Zhaoqian 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ko, Kabseok 8 ; Park, Minsu 9 ; Lee, Jungyup 10 ; Choi, Myungwoo 11 ; Lee, Je-Sang 12 ; Min, Weon Gi 13 ; Lee, Byeong-Ju 14 ; Lee, Soyeong 15 ; Choi, Jungrak 1 ; Gu, Jimin 1 ; Park, Jaeho 1 ; Kim, Min Seong 1 ; Ahn, Junseong 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gul, Osman 1 ; Han, Chankyu 1 ; Lee, Gihun 1 ; Kim, Seunghwan 1 ; Kim, Kyuyoung 1 ; Kim, Jeonghyun 16 ; Kang, Chang-Mo 17 ; Koo, Jahyun 18   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Kwak, Sung Soo 19 ; Kim, Sungbong 20 ; Choi, Dong Yun 21 ; Jeon, Seokwoo 11 ; Sung, Hyung Jin 1 ; Park, Yong Bae 22 ; Je, Minkyu 2 ; Cho, Young Tae 23 ; Oh, Yong Suk 23   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Park, Inkyu 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.37172.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2292 0500) 
2  Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.37172.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2292 0500) 
3  Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.418964.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0742 3338) 
4  University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, USA (GRID:grid.35403.31) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9991) 
5  Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian, P. R. China (GRID:grid.30055.33) (ISNI:0000 0000 9247 7930) 
6  Northwestern University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Evanston, USA (GRID:grid.16753.36) (ISNI:0000 0001 2299 3507) 
7  Dalian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian, P. R. China (GRID:grid.30055.33) (ISNI:0000 0000 9247 7930); Dalian University of Technology, DUT-BSU Joint Institute, Dalian, China (GRID:grid.30055.33) (ISNI:0000 0000 9247 7930); Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, China (GRID:grid.30055.33) (ISNI:0000 0000 9247 7930) 
8  Kangwon National University, Department of Electronics Engineering, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.412010.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0707 9039) 
9  Northwestern University, Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Evanston, USA (GRID:grid.16753.36) (ISNI:0000 0001 2299 3507) 
10  Sibel Health Inc, Niles, USA (GRID:grid.16753.36) 
11  Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Daejeon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.37172.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2292 0500) 
12  Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gimhae, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.37172.30) 
13  Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Department of planning and development, Gimhae, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.37172.30) 
14  Pusan national university hospital, Department of rehabilitation medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.412588.2) (ISNI:0000 0000 8611 7824) 
15  Ajou University, Department of AI Convergence Network, Suwon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.251916.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3933) 
16  Kwangwoon University, Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.411202.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 0533 0009) 
17  Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.482524.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0614 4232) 
18  Korea University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.222754.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0840 2678); Korea University, Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.222754.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0840 2678) 
19  Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Bionics of Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.35541.36) (ISNI:0000000121053345) 
20  Korea Military Academy, Department of Chemistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.453643.3) (ISNI:0000 0000 9061 1972) 
21  Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Yeongcheon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.454135.2) (ISNI:0000 0000 9353 1134) 
22  Ajou University, Department of AI Convergence Network, Suwon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.251916.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3933); Ajou University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.251916.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 0532 3933) 
23  Changwon National University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Changwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.411214.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 0442 1951) 
Pages
8
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
23974621
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-023-00238-3
ProQuest document ID
2775138635
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.