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Abstract
Synapses are essential for the transmission of neural signals. Synaptic plasticity allows for changes in synaptic strength, enabling the brain to learn from experience. With the rapid development of neuromorphic electronics, tremendous efforts have been devoted to designing and fabricating electronic devices that can mimic synapse operating modes. This growing interest in the field will provide unprecedented opportunities for new hardware architectures for artificial intelligence. In this review, we focus on research of three-terminal artificial synapses based on two-dimensional (2D) materials regulated by electrical, optical and mechanical stimulation. In addition, we systematically summarize artificial synapse applications in various sensory systems, including bioplastic bionics, logical transformation, associative learning, image recognition, and multimodal pattern recognition. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives involving integration, power consumption and functionality are outlined.
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Details
1 Beijing Institute of Technology, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.43555.32) (ISNI:0000 0000 8841 6246); Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.43555.32) (ISNI:0000 0000 8841 6246)
2 City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China (GRID:grid.35030.35) (ISNI:0000 0004 1792 6846)