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Abstract
Little is known about the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to investigate the long-term trends in CKD prevalence from South Korea including the early pandemic. We used data from 108,152 Korean adults from 2007 to 2020 obtained from a representative longitudinal serial study. We defined CKD as a condition when the participant’s estimated glomerular filtration rate was < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, or one-time spot proteinuria was ≥ 1 +, and then examined the overall trends in the prevalence of CKD. Among the included adults (n = 80,010), the overall national prevalence of CKD was 6.2%. The trend slope gradually increased from 2007 to 2019, however, there was a sudden decrease in 2020 (2007–2010, 5.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.7–5.5]; 2017–2019, 7.1% [95% CI 6.6–7.6]; pandemic period, 6.5% [95% CI 5.7–7.3]; and βdiff, − 0.19; 95% CI − 0.24 to − 0.13). The prevalence of CKD among younger adults and those with poor medical utilization significantly decreased during the early pandemic. This study was the first large-scale study to investigate the longitudinal prevalence of CKD from 2007 to 2020. Further research is needed to fully understand the exact causes for this decline and to identify healthcare policy strategies for preventing and managing CKD.
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1 Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.411231.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0357 1464)
2 Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.289247.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2171 7818)
3 University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK (GRID:grid.5335.0) (ISNI:0000000121885934)
4 Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Research and Development Unit, Barcelona, Spain (GRID:grid.469673.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 5901 7501); Pg. Lluis Companys, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain (GRID:grid.425902.8) (ISNI:0000 0000 9601 989X)
5 Anglia Ruskin University, Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Cambridge, UK (GRID:grid.5115.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2299 5510)
6 Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.15444.30) (ISNI:0000 0004 0470 5454)
7 Sejong University College of Software Convergence, Department of Data Science, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.263333.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0727 6358); Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Precision Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (GRID:grid.264381.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 989X)