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Abstract
Background
Ti3C2 is a type of transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) with high light-to-heat conversion efficiency property, which has been widely used in cancer treatment recently. In fact, active targeting delivery of MXenes nanomaterials with targeting molecule could enhance the therapeutic efficacy. However, targeted therapy of MXenes has not been further studied in the past. Aptamers (Apt) with excellent affinity and high specificity properties have been widely used as targeting tools. Predictably, the incorporation of Apt into Ti3C2 nanomaterials will offer an unprecedented opportunity in the research fields of cancer targeted therapy.
Results
Transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is overexpressed on the surface of MCF-7 cells, and MUC1 Apt (Apt-M) could target MCF-7 cells with high affinity and specificity. Here, a smart targeting nanotherapeutic system Ti3C2/Apt-M was fabricated, which could specifically recognize and enter in MCF-7 cells. Benefitting from the desirable targeted performance of Apt-M, MCF-7 cells completed the ingestion process of Ti3C2/Apt-Mf nanosheets within 4 h, and Apt-M facilitated the entry of the Ti3C2/Apt-Mf nanosheets into MCF-7 cells. Besides, Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheets exhibited the potential as an outstanding photothermal agent (PTA) because of the photothermal performance inherited from wrapped Ti3C2 nanosheets. As demonstrated, upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the Ti3C2/Apt-M nanotherapeutic system displayed a satisfactory antitumor effect by targeted photothermal therapy both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion
This study provides a new idea for the development of MXenes nanotherapeutic system with high active targeting performance.
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Details
1 Shanxi Normal University, School of Chemistry and Material Science, Linfen, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.510766.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 0400); Shanxi Datong University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Datong, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.440639.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5302)
2 Shanxi Datong University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Datong, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.440639.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5302)
3 University of Liverpool, Department of Chemistry, Liverpool, UK (GRID:grid.10025.36) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 8470)
4 Shanxi Normal University, School of Chemistry and Material Science, Linfen, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.510766.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 0400); Shanxi Datong University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Datong, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.440639.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5302); Shanxi Institute of Energy, Department of Energy Chemistry and Material Engineering, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.440639.c)