Optimizing the layout of rural residential areas using location suitability and ecological sensitivity:A case study of Gaize County,Tibet

Abstract

为了探讨生态敏感区农村居民点布局优化方案，以西藏改则县为研究区，分别评价居民点区位条件和生态重要性，以生态重要性为约束条件构建居民点布局优化识别规则并提出优化方向。结果表明，居民点高适宜区距离县、乡（镇）政府驻地较近，区位优势明显，低适宜区主要分布在察布乡等北部乡镇，交通不便，资源环境差。全县生态重要性由南向北递增，不重要区、一般重要区和重要区面积占比分别为73.19%、15.60%和11.21%。以生态重要性为约束，结合区位条件，将农村居民点划分为重点发展型、潜力提升型、限制扩展型和生态搬迁型4种布局优化类型，面积分别为71.83、56.61、45.12 hm²和25.76 hm²，明确了不同类型的布局优化措施和建议。研究结果可为改则县乡村振兴、国土空间规划编制和村庄布局规划提供理论依据和技术支撑。

This paper proposes an optimization scheme for residential layouts in rural areas that will allow ecological conservation of the latter.Taking Gaize County,Tibet as an example,the study evaluated the location conditions of rural residential areas and the ecological importance thereof,constructed optimization and identification rules for the distribution of residential locations based on ecological significance,and proposed an optimization direction.Results showed that highly suitable residential areas in rural areas were close to governments at county and township levels and had advantageous locations,while less suitable areas were distributed in northern towns and counties such as Chabu and other places with poor transportation links,fewer resources,and undesirable environments

The ecological significance of Gaize County increased from south to north.Unimportant,generally important,and important areas accounted for 73.19%,15.60% and 11.21%,respectively,of the county

This study proposed four kinds of layout optimization types:major development,potential improvement,expansion limited,and ecological immigration types,and their acreages were 71.83,56.61,45.12 hm² and 25.76 hm²,respectively.Additionally,it defined measurements and suggestions for optimizing the layout of various optimization types.The results can act as a theoretical reference as well as technological support for revitalizing rural areas of Gaize County,compiling national territorial and spatial plans,and planning village layouts.