Abstract

During the second long shutdown period of the CERN accelerator complex (LS2, 2019-2021), several upgrade activities took place at the n_TOF facility. The most important have been the replacement of the spallation target with a next generation nitrogen-cooled lead target. Additionally, a new experimental area, at a very short distance from the target assembly (the NEAR Station) was established. In this paper, the core commissioning actions of the new installations are described. The improvement in the n_TOF infrastructure was accompanied by several detector development projects. All these upgrade actions are discussed, focusing mostly on the future perspectives of the n_TOF facility. Furthermore, some indicative current and future measurements are briefly reported.

Details

Title
Status report of the n_TOF facility after the 2nd CERN long shutdown period
Author
Patronis, N. 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mengoni, A. 2 ; Goula, S. 3 ; Aberle, O. 4 ; Alcayne, V. 5 ; Altieri, S. 6 ; Amaducci, S. 7 ; Andrzejewski, J. 8 ; Babiano-Suarez, V. 9 ; Bacak, M. 4 ; Balibrea Correa, J. 9 ; Beltrami, C. 10 ; Bennett, S. 11 ; Bernardes, A. P. 4 ; Berthoumieux, E. 12 ; Beyer, R. 13 ; Boromiza, M. 14 ; Bosnar, D. 15 ; Caamaño, M. 16 ; Calviño, F. 17 ; Calviani, M. 4 ; Cano-Ott, D. 5 ; Casanovas, A. 17 ; Castelluccio, D. M. 2 ; Cerutti, F. 4 ; Cescutti, G. 18 ; Chasapoglou, S. 19 ; Chiaveri, E. 20 ; Colombetti, P. 21 ; Colonna, N. 22 ; Console Camprini, P. 23 ; Cortés, G. 17 ; Cortés-Giraldo, M. A. 24 ; Cosentino, L. 7 ; Cristallo, S. 25 ; Dellmann, S. 26 ; Di Castro, M. 4 ; Di Maria, S. 27 ; Diakaki, M. 19 ; Dietz, M. 28 ; Domingo-Pardo, C. 9 ; Dressler, R. 29 ; Dupont, E. 12 ; Durán, I. 16 ; Eleme, Z. 3 ; Fargier, S. 4 ; Fernández, B. 24 ; Fernández-Domínguez, B. 16 ; Finocchiaro, P. 7 ; Fiore, S. 30 ; García-Infantes, F. 31 ; Gawlik-Ramiega, A. 8 ; Gervino, G. 21 ; Gilardoni, S. 4 ; González-Romero, E. 5 ; Guerrero, C. 24 ; Gunsing, F. 12 ; Gustavino, C. 32 ; Heyse, J. 33 ; Hillman, W. 11 ; Jenkins, D. G. 34 ; Jericha, E. 35 ; Junghans, A. 13 ; Kadi, Y. 4 ; Kaperoni, K. 19 ; Kaur, G. 12 ; Kimura, A. 36 ; Knapová, I. 37 ; Kokkoris, M. 19 ; Krtička, M. 37 ; Kyritsis, N. 19 ; Ladarescu, I. 9 ; Lederer-Woods, C. 38 ; Lerendegui-Marco, J. 9 ; Lerner, G. 4 ; Manna, A. 39 ; Martínez, T. 5 ; Masi, A. 40 ; Massimi, C. 39 ; Mastinu, P. 41 ; Mastromarco, M. 42 ; Maugeri, E. A. 29 ; Mazzone, A. 43 ; Mendoza, E. 5 ; Michalopoulou, V. 19 ; Milazzo, P. M. 44 ; Mucciola, R. 45 ; Murtas, F. 46 ; Musacchio-Gonzalez, E. 41 ; Musumarra, A. 47 ; Negret, A. 14 ; Pérez de Rada, A. 5 ; Pérez-Maroto, P. 24 ; Pavón-Rodríguez, J. A. 48 ; Pellegriti, M. G. 49 ; Perkowski, J. 8 ; Petrone, C. 14 ; Pirovano, E. 28 ; Plaza del Olmo, J. 5 ; Pomp, S. 50 ; Porras, I. 51 ; Praena, J. 51 ; Quesada, J. M. 24 ; Reifarth, R. 26 ; Rochman, D. 29 ; Romanets, Y. 27 ; Rubbia, C. 4 ; Sánchez-Caballero, A. 5 ; Sabaté-Gilarte, M. 4 ; Schillebeeckx, P. 33 ; Schumann, D. 29 ; Sekhar, A. 11 ; Smith, A. G. 11 ; Sosnin, N. V. 38 ; Stamati, M. E. 1 ; Sturniolo, A. 52 ; Tagliente, G. 22 ; Tarifeño-Saldivia, A. 17 ; Tarrío, D. 50 ; Torres-Sánchez, P. 51 ; Vagena, E. 3 ; Valenta, S. 37 ; Variale, V. 22 ; Vaz, P. 27 ; Vecchio, G. 7 ; Vescovi, D. 26 ; Vlachoudis, V. 4 ; Vlastou, R. 19 ; Wallner, A. 13 ; Woods, P. J. 38 ; Zarrella, R. 39 ; Zugec, P. 15 

1  University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (GRID:grid.9594.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2108 7481); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X) 
2  Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.5196.b) (ISNI:0000 0000 9864 2490); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 8343 7610) 
3  University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (GRID:grid.9594.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2108 7481) 
4  European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X) 
5  Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain (GRID:grid.420019.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 1959 5823) 
6  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (GRID:grid.470213.3); University of Pavia, Department of Physics, Pavia, Italy (GRID:grid.8982.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1762 5736) 
7  INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy (GRID:grid.466880.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 4895) 
8  University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (GRID:grid.10789.37) (ISNI:0000 0000 9730 2769) 
9  CSIC - Universidad de Valencia, Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain (GRID:grid.5338.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2173 938X) 
10  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (GRID:grid.470213.3) 
11  University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (GRID:grid.5379.8) (ISNI:0000000121662407) 
12  Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Irfu, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (GRID:grid.460789.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 4910 6535) 
13  Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany (GRID:grid.40602.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 2158 0612) 
14  Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, Romania (GRID:grid.443874.8) (ISNI:0000 0000 9463 5349) 
15  University of Zagreb, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia (GRID:grid.4808.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 0657 4636) 
16  University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain (GRID:grid.11794.3a) (ISNI:0000000109410645) 
17  Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain (GRID:grid.6835.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 028X) 
18  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy (GRID:grid.470223.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1760 7175); University of Trieste, Department of Physics, Trieste, Italy (GRID:grid.5133.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 1941 4308) 
19  National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece (GRID:grid.4241.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 2185 9808) 
20  European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X); University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (GRID:grid.5379.8) (ISNI:0000000121662407) 
21  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy (GRID:grid.470222.1) (ISNI:0000 0004 7471 9712); University of Torino, Department of Physics, Torino, Italy (GRID:grid.7605.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2336 6580) 
22  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b) 
23  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 8343 7610); Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.5196.b) (ISNI:0000 0000 9864 2490) 
24  Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain (GRID:grid.9224.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2168 1229) 
25  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy (GRID:grid.470215.5); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Osservatorio Astronomico di Teramo, Teramo, Italy (GRID:grid.4293.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1792 8585) 
26  Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (GRID:grid.7839.5) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9721) 
27  Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal (GRID:grid.9983.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2181 4263) 
28  Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany (GRID:grid.4764.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2186 1887) 
29  Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland (GRID:grid.5991.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 1090 7501) 
30  Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.5196.b) (ISNI:0000 0000 9864 2490); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy (GRID:grid.6045.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5281) 
31  University of Granada, Granada, Spain (GRID:grid.4489.1) (ISNI:0000000121678994); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X) 
32  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy (GRID:grid.6045.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5281) 
33  Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Geel, Belgium (GRID:grid.489363.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 0341 5365) 
34  University of York, York, United Kingdom (GRID:grid.5685.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9668) 
35  TU Wien, Atominstitut, Wien, Austria (GRID:grid.5329.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2348 4034) 
36  Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai-Mura, Japan (GRID:grid.20256.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 0372 1485) 
37  Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (GRID:grid.4491.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 116X) 
38  University of Edinburgh, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (GRID:grid.4305.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7988) 
39  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.470193.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 8343 7610); Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.6292.f) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 1758) 
40  Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie (ENEA), Bologna, Italy (GRID:grid.5196.b) (ISNI:0000 0000 9864 2490) 
41  INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy (GRID:grid.466875.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 5572) 
42  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b); Università Degli Studi di Bari, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.7644.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0120 3326) 
43  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.470190.b); Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy (GRID:grid.5326.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 1940 4177) 
44  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy (GRID:grid.470223.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1760 7175) 
45  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy (GRID:grid.470215.5); Università di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Perugia, Italy (GRID:grid.9027.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3630) 
46  INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy (GRID:grid.463190.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0648 0236) 
47  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy (GRID:grid.470198.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1755 400X); University of Catania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Catania, Italy (GRID:grid.8158.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 1969) 
48  Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain (GRID:grid.9224.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2168 1229); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (GRID:grid.9132.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2156 142X) 
49  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy (GRID:grid.470198.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1755 400X) 
50  Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala, Sweden (GRID:grid.8993.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9457) 
51  University of Granada, Granada, Spain (GRID:grid.4489.1) (ISNI:0000000121678994) 
52  Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy (GRID:grid.470222.1) (ISNI:0000 0004 7471 9712) 
Pages
13
Publication year
2023
Publication date
Dec 2023
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V.
e-ISSN
21957045
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjti/s40485-023-00100-w
ProQuest document ID
2814636650
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.