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JSP and KJS are joint first authors.
Key points
The Amsterdam 2022 International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport summarises published evidence at the time of the conference and should be read together with the 10 systematic reviews and the methodology paper.
Content and methodological advances were made in the consensus process including anonymous voting, summaries of alternate viewpoints, declarations of conflicts of interest in the open conference, plus inclusion of the athlete voice, para sport considerations and ethical perspectives.
The Concussion in Sport Group definition of concussion was updated while work continues toward a unified conceptual and operational definition.
Sport-specific strategies recommended as concussion prevention interventions include policy or rule changes reducing collisions, neuromuscular training in warm-ups, mouthguard use in ice hockey and implementation of optimal concussion management strategies to reduce recurrent concussion rates.
The Concussion Recognition Tool-6 (CRT6), Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-6 (SCAT6) and Child SCAT6 provide updated iterations of the acute sport-related concussion (SRC) tools best used in the first 72 hours (and up to 1 week) after injury. New office tools, the Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool-6 (SCOAT6) and Child SCOAT6, were designed to better guide evaluation and management in an office setting from 72 hours after injury and for serial evaluations in the following weeks. The overlap between the SCAT6 and SCOAT6 is intentional and designed to facilitate easy transitions across tools.
The results of computerised neurocognitive tests should be interpreted in the context of broader clinical findings and are not to be used in isolation to inform management or diagnostic decisions.
Advanced neuroimaging, fluid-based biomarkers, genetic testing and emerging technologies are valuable research tools for the study of concussion but not yet suited for routine use in clinical practice.
Return-to-learn and return-to-sport strategies have been updated based on evolving evidence.
Strong evidence exists regarding the benefits of physical activity and aerobic exercise treatment as early interventions.
Cervicovestibuar rehabilitation is indicated for athletes with neck pain, headaches, dizziness and/or balance problems.
Individuals with persisting symptoms (ie, symptom duration >4 weeks) should be evaluated with a multimodal clinical assessment including the use of standardised and validated symptom rating scales.
The potential long-term effects of SRC and repetitive head impacts are areas of ongoing public health interest and concern among both healthcare...