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Abstract
This study focused on developing a new cocktail extraction agent (CEA) composed of solvent and a new surfactant material (SM) for enhancing the efficiency of fuel recovery from real waste oil sludge (WSO). The effects of different solvents (e.g. methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), naphtha, petrol and kerosene), SMs (Dowfax and sodium thiosulfate), extraction time (10–20 min), extraction temperatures (20–60 °C) and CEA/sludge ratios (1–4) on the extraction performance were investigated. SMs and DBBE design enhanced the extraction efficiency by increasing the dispersion of solvent in WSO and enhancing the mixing and mass transfer rates. Results proved that Dowfax was the best SM for oil recovery under various conditions. The best CEA (e.g. MEK and Dowfax) provides the maximum fuel recovery rate of 97% at a period of 20 min, temperature of 60 °C and 4:1 CEA/sludge ratio. The produced fuel was analysed and fed to the distillation process to produce diesel oil. The characteristics of diesel oil were measured, and findings showed that it needs treatment processes prior its use as a finished fuel.
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Details
1 College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit University, Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, Tikrit, Iraq (GRID:grid.442858.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 1796 0518)
2 College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Materials Engineering Department, Baghdad, Iraq (GRID:grid.411309.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1765 131X)
3 North Refineries Company, Ministry of Oil, Slah Al-Deen, Iraq (GRID:grid.411309.e)
4 Memorial University of Newfoundland, Department of Civil Engineering, St. John’s, Canada (GRID:grid.25055.37) (ISNI:0000 0000 9130 6822)
5 Al-Mustaqbal University, Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Babylon, Iraq (GRID:grid.25055.37)
6 University of Technology-Iraq, Department of Chemical Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq (GRID:grid.444967.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0618 8761)